I also have to disagree with Wash and Njeri. First of all it is true kenyan ISPs have been so conservative on IPs as stated giving /30 on connection and charging for an extra IP.I like Michuki's comment on NAT~NAT is "BAD"!! Wash concerning devices currently in use which do not support IPv6,I will say it is normal.What do you do with an obsolete device?Once upon a time you had a black and white TV,didn't you dispose it after the coloured ones came into existence? FYI there are more and more devices that need a permanent IP address. The day is approaching where your mobile phone, car, PDA, TV, and even your refrigerator will have an IP address. With these changes, the need for IP address space will increase exponentially. Future services will require a higher level of security and quality of service (QOS) that, while feasible, will not be economically viable with IPv4. It is also worth to look @ the advantages of IPv6,let me just list afew: ==Integrated security ==More efficient routing and autoconfiguration that should reduce administrative costs ==Improved addressing schema. Simon Michuki Mwangi <michuki@swiftkenya.com> wrote: I have to disagree with both Njeri and Wash on all counts. IPv4 depletion is a reality both at the International and local levels. To the best of my knowledge is that Kenyan ISPs are the most conservative IPv4 assigners that i know. Each customers always gets a /30 (two public IP's) and have to pay to get an extra allocation. As a result most organizations use NAT in Kenya. Looking through the allocation criteria at AfriNIC for Kenya, we are amongst the top 10 consumers of IPv4 address space (in Africa) with the above conservative approach. Notwithstanding the developing focus on broadband and DSL at home with all operators and Mobile operators. There are many issues being addressed but the most pertinent ones to this discussion are; 1) The allocation criteria for the remaining IPv4 address space from the IANA to the RIRs 2) IPv4 secondary Market (aftermarket) * The current allocation criteria for IPv4 indicates that the IANA pool will be depleted in 2010. The IANA less than 50 /8's left in its reserve pool. * AfriNIC is only able to assign less than 1 /8 per year. In the same period, RIPE NCC will assign about 3 /8's and APNIC will assign about 3.5 /8's. Please see http://www.potaroo.net/tools/ipv4/index.html www.nro.net/statistics/ This means that within a very short time, the IANA will be complete its allocation of its reserved pool to the RIR's with Africa currently only having 2 /8's will be faced with two challenges. 1) Slow usage of the address space in Africa will lead to a IPv4 secondary market where providers from other regions will come to buy IPv4 space from the region to use elsewhere. 2) As a result, the AfriNIC IPv4 space will be quickly depleted and hence new IPv4 requests from genuine African ISPs including Kenya will not be honoured and have to switch to IPv6 or an amplification of the NAT'd environment that exists today. Like every other commodity faced with an impending shortage is bound to create a rush and a knock on effect. Needless to say that NAT is *BAD* its probably a high time we looked into the importance of having IPv6 enabled networks. Trying to extend the life of IPv4 is postponing the inevitable and that will do none of us any good. Early adopters will stand to benefit - case in mind is Japan. FYI - IPv6 address space is free at AfriNIC at the moment whilst the price of Ipv4 is going to go up as the depletion date nears. Regards, Njeri Rionge wrote:
I want to concur with Wash, and confirm that the shortage will not affect us in the way mentioned in the earlier email.
Both IPv4 and IPv6 platforms should work in harmony if the approach is harmonized.
No need to go into much verbal technicality at this stage. Its still too early in the day, discussions are hot in there heels, but nothing is concrete yet.
A need for attention on the scarcity of IPv4 is real from an International perspective, and by and large should affect connectivity if the harmonization is no synchronized globally and obviously locally.
Njeri,
On 12/20/07 5:01 PM, "Odhiambo Washington" wrote:
As it stands now, the IPv4 address assignment by ISPs in Kenya is grossly misused. The way IPs were assigned did not take into consideration the possibilities that the address space would soon run out. If the ISPs renumbered properly, Kenya would not be faced with the problem described here in the 2 years being mentioned. Besides this fact, there are so many ways to efficiently use a single IP address, which should also be looked into. If this is not done for the IPv4 address space, even the IPv6 space will end up being misused, inasmuch as it's such a big address space. Besides the training on IPv6, perhaps you also need to include "efficient usage of address space" (with relevance to IPv4) in the training as well? There are devices out there which still don't support IPv6 because they have old firmware. Are these going to be tossed out of the window just because IPv6 is here? At what cost? ;-)
On Dec 20, 2007 4:06 PM, Vincent Ngundi wrote:
This makes an interesting reading. I guess the way forward is to setup an IPv6 task force to chart the way forward for Kenya.
KENIC, in conjunction with AfriNIC, is planning to host an IPv6 workshop in June 2008. Our target is to train 150 engineers on IPv6 deployment. We shall announce registration for the same in due course.
Regards,
-Vincent
[Daily Nation] Horizons Magazine 20 December, 2007 By REDEMPTOR ATIENO
INTERNET: Connectivity capacity nears exhaustion The country must upgrade to a new platform before current capacity is exhausted
In about two year time, aspiring internet users will be unable to get connected or publish new websites.
Further it will not be possible to new cyber cafes, let alone the many government-fronted digital villages targeting rural areas throughout the country. Critical Internet addresses that uniquely identify users and resolves the location where a website is located on the internet will be exhausted, worldwide.
According to the chairman of ICT Consumers Association of Kenya, Alex Gakuru, "The country will have depleted capacity for new internet connectivity unless internet infrastructure are upgraded to what is called Internet Protocol version six (or IPv6) because the world's current IPv4 will be exhausted."
It will be too expensive, he says, and chaotic for the country to continue using the current IPv4 and the Government needs to address this problem urgently. "ISPs only need to upgrade their systems at no cost to consumers assuring room for more expression, choice, and opportunity. Consumers should not be charged because ISP equipment only need reconfiguration since most are already IPv6 compliant anyway."
The ICAK chairman notes that the issue has been given the publicity and priority it deserves, yet it will be too expensive for the country to continue using IPv4 designed for the1977 Internet and acknowledges the Kenya Network Information Centre-KeNIC's leadership is best suited to ensure the smoothest transition to IPv6.
Gakuru observes that with the worldwide increased connection of internet-enabled mobile devices, such as GSM and WiFi phones more hosts are making inroads into the internet each requiring an IP address in order to connect and thereby causing a faster depletion of IP addresses.
An IP address is a unique number address that every computing device connected to the internet is assigned. IP addresses are used to route traffic on the internet and can be seen as the backbone of the internet.
He explained that " the current IPv4 system can accommodate up to for billion IP addresses but with the current world population at six billion, then the internet cannot be for everyone. He says this upgrade should be prioritised. --ends--- -- KeNIC - The Kenya Network Information Center http://www.kenic.or.ke
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