Good morning Kanini, I will attempt the first question: Maybe we could first start by defining or describing "fake news" in our context. There is a lot of disinformation and even media manipulation that can be traced back to political actors. In my view some of the characteristics of this manipulation include messages crafted sensationally to provoke emotional responses. Another class is messages casually/reckless condemning an entire tribe- it is impressive how much this kind has reduced over the years especially among major online spaces. Disinformation is carried out by both sides of the political divide. It could be tackled through political accountability mecahnisms such as the guidelines on bulk messaging in the last elections. I wonder whether it's practical to update them for Internet messaging. Beyond that, fake news during elections can also be managed by old school credible news. More trusted media outlets must more than ever before invest in good journalism. On that note, kudos to Ngirachu of Nation for his new segment demystifying fake news of each week. Best, On 28 Jun 2017 01:42, "kanini mutemi via kictanet" < kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke> wrote: Good morning Listers, Welcome to Day 2 of the Pre KIGF Online Discussions. Joy Mala and I will co-moderate this session. We look forward to a vibrant discussion on *Fake News* especially during the electioneering period. We would like to hear your perspectives on: (a)Is Fake News a problem for Kenya? (b) Companies such as Cambridge Analytica <https://cambridgeanalytica.org/> have been said to use pyschographic techniques such as voter profiling during elections to determine who gets to hear what message. Advertising companies have used similar targeted approaches in marketing for years- why is it a problem for elections? (c) Should internet intermediaries filter Fake News from their platforms? (d) Should Fake News be banned? The discussion is open. -- *Mercy Mutemi, Advocate*. _______________________________________________ kictanet mailing list kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet Twitter: http://twitter.com/kictanet Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/KICTANet/ Unsubscribe or change your options at https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/ mailman/options/kictanet/nmutungu%40gmail.com The Kenya ICT Action Network (KICTANet) is a multi-stakeholder platform for people and institutions interested and involved in ICT policy and regulation. The network aims to act as a catalyst for reform in the ICT sector in support of the national aim of ICT enabled growth and development. KICTANetiquette : Adhere to the same standards of acceptable behaviors online that you follow in real life: respect people's times and bandwidth, share knowledge, don't flame or abuse or personalize, respect privacy, do not spam, do not market your wares or qualifications.