Hi all, To echo Joash’s sentiments as we talk about validating our sources and the chain reaction…how can we enforce validation of news sources? Who bears the ultimate responsibility..is it the initial author, journalist or those who share the news?
On Jun 28, 2017, at 4:43 PM, Joash Moitui via kictanet <kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke> wrote:
Dear all, Interesting and timely discussion. A fake news website might publish a hoax, then because it's getting social attention another site might pick it up, write that story as though it's true and may not link back to the original fake news website. From there it's a chain reaction until at some point a journalist at a largely credible outlet might see it and quickly write something up, because many journalists are trying to write as many stories as possible and write stories that get traffic and social attention. The incentive is towards producing more and checking less. The incentive amongst journalists especially should focus on validating their sources.
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On Wed, Jun 28, 2017 at 3:05 PM, kanini mutemi via kictanet <kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke <mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke>> wrote: Really interesting perspectives so far:
@Diacen I like that- 'fake News is NEWS'. Just to follow up, does Fake News do any damage? Is there a reason to step in and regulate Fake News.
@Gertrude I think one of the key things that is coming out clearly about Fake News is it being DISINFORMATION as opposed to MISINFORMATION. I wonder whether such instances are as rampant here as was seen in the US Elections.
@Barrack that's a fresh perspective on upholding traditional tenets of Journalism as a counter for Fake News. However, given that a lot of Fake News is peddled over social media and that Fake News is more sensational (Hot! so to speak) will this be effective in slowing down the spread of Fake News?
@Grace, given @Barrack's observation that Fake News is now a cash cow, why then discourage the propagation of Fake News? What is the harm?
@Francis, I like that you throw the ball back to the consumers- due diligence. I see a concern here however, Fake News based on psychographic analysis targets a particular demographic who are gullible and will readily believe alternative facts to build on their pre conceived notions. They themselves may never know they are consuming Fake News. What about that group of people?
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On Wed, Jun 28, 2017 at 1:27 PM, Francis Monyango via kictanet <kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke <mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke>> wrote: (a)Is Fake News a problem for Kenya?
It depends. Yes and No.
(b) Companies such as Cambridge Analytica have been said to use pyschographic techniques such as voter profiling during elections to determine who gets to hear what message. Advertising companies have used similar targeted approaches in marketing for years- why is it a problem for elections?
Internet companies through algorithms have thrived on giving you more of what you 'want'. People should learn to conduct due diligence.
(c) Should internet intermediaries filter Fake News from their platforms?
Nope. That will amount to policing the internet
(d) Should Fake News be banned?
No. Suggestions have been made world over on the ideal remedy for this menace but in democracies, it is hard because it goes against the principles of free speech. The Canadian Supreme Court has held in a case to strike down a false news provision of law that the provision was contrary to the constitutional freedom of expression.
“The reality is that when the matter is one on which the majority of the public has settled views, opinions may, for all practical purposes, be treated as an expression of a ‘false fact,” the Learned Justices of the Court said.
In Kenya, the law limits the right to freedom of expression to the extent that one is not allowed to spread propaganda for war, incite people to violence, hate speech and advocate for ethnic hate. These limitations also apply to the media according to Article 34. The same constitutional provision also provides for the establishment of the Media Council of Kenya.
One of the roles the drafters of the Constitution envisioned this body to play is setting media standards while regulating and monitoring their compliance. It is with this powers that are expounded on in the Media Act that the Council accredits journalists while requiring them to follow the Code of Conduct for the Practice of Journalism. While the standards on accuracy, integrity and accountability apply to journalists; these standards do not apply to bloggers.
Hence they cannot be held to have breached the Code when they post fake news online. From the angle of defamation laws, some of these stories are not defamatory. Neither do they constitute a breach of Article 33(2). For example the many speeches attributed to Presidents Robert Mugabe and Donald Trump about Kenyans and corruption. If they were to be counter checked against the elements of defamation, they will fail. The statement might be false but not damaging per se, hence not warranting a suit for damages.
Some of the sites are not even within the Kenyan jurisdiction and no claim of damage may be sustained against them
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On 28/06/2017, gertrude matata via kictanet <kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke <mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke>> wrote:
Thanks Grace, I confess I miss reading everything, I must have missed your post earlier on sorry. Your comments were very valid. Regards GERTRUDE MATATA CO. ADVOCATES COMMISSIONERS FOR OATHS NOTARY PUBLIC HILLSIDE APARTMENTS 4TH FLOOR, Apartments 11 RAGATI ROAD,Opposite N.H.I.F NEAR CAPITOL HILL POLICE STATION P.O. Box 517-00517 Nairobi Mobile:0722-374109/0729-556523, Wireless 020-2159837 DISCLAIMER This email and any attachments to it may be confidential and are intended solely for the use of the individual to whom it is addressed. Any views or opinions expressed are solely those of the author and do not necessarily represent those of GERTRUDE MATATA & CO. ADVOCATES. If you are not the intended recipient of this email, you must neither take any action based upon its contents, nor copy or show it to anyone. Please contact the sender if you believe you have received this email in error.
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From: Grace Mutung'u <nmutungu@gmail.com <mailto:nmutungu@gmail.com>> To: KICTAnet ICT Policy Discussions <kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke <mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke>>; gertrude matata <gertrudematata@yahoo.com <mailto:gertrudematata@yahoo.com>> Sent: Wednesday, June 28, 2017 11:46 AM Subject: Re: [kictanet] PRE KIGF ONLINE DISCUSSIONS DAY 2- FAKE NEWS DURING ELECTIONEERING
Getrude,Reposting my comment that was on another thread. Good morning Kanini, I will attempt the first question: Maybe we could first start by defining or describing "fake news" in our context. There is a lot of disinformation and even media manipulation that can be traced back to political actors. In my view some of the characteristics of this manipulation include messages crafted sensationally to provoke emotional responses. Another class is messages casually/reckless condemning an entire tribe- it is impressive how much this kind has reduced over the years especially among major online spaces. Disinformation is carried out by both sides of the political divide. It could be tackled through political accountability mecahnisms such as the guidelines on bulk messaging in the last elections. I wonder whether it's practical to update them for Internet messaging. Beyond that, fake news during elections can also be managed by old school credible news. More trusted media outlets must more than ever before invest in good journalism. On that note, kudos to Ngirachu of Nation for his new segment demystifying fake news of each week. Best,
On 28 Jun 2017 04:36, "gertrude matata via kictanet" <kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke <mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke>> wrote:
Dear Members, This is indeed a very interesting discussion.I was wondering, could we have a working definition of FAKE NEWS. In addition, what is the fake news test to apply even for those who wish to kill it Kind Regards
Gertrude.
GERTRUDE MATATA CO. ADVOCATES COMMISSIONERS FOR OATHS NOTARY PUBLIC HILLSIDE APARTMENTS 4TH FLOOR, Apartments 11 RAGATI ROAD,Opposite N.H.I.F NEAR CAPITOL HILL POLICE STATION P.O. Box 517-00517 Nairobi Mobile:0722-374109/0729- 556523, Wireless 020-2159837 DISCLAIMER This email and any attachments to it may be confidential and are intended solely for the use of the individual to whom it is addressed. Any views or opinions expressed are solely those of the author and do not necessarily represent those of GERTRUDE MATATA & CO. ADVOCATES. If you are not the intended recipient of this email, you must neither take any action based upon its contents, nor copy or show it to anyone. Please contact the sender if you believe you have received this email in error.
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From: Diacen Ndiaga via kictanet <kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke <mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke> > To: gertrudematata@yahoo.com <mailto:gertrudematata@yahoo.com> Cc: Diacen Ndiaga <dndiaga@kcaa.or.ke <mailto:dndiaga@kcaa.or.ke>> Sent: Wednesday, June 28, 2017 9:11 AM Subject: Re: [kictanet] PRE KIGF ONLINE DISCUSSIONS DAY 2- FAKE NEWS DURING ELECTIONEERING
Morning listers! Indeed fake news and skewed reportage by main media outlets is already with us.Editorial policy of some houses is outright scandalous.In this time of election where perception of voters is critical, fake news will come in droves and due to compromises and skewed editorial policy by media houses on issues, agenda setting is purposed on set goals.It is worse when the main media depend on social media for its news items and worse when it uses social media content to reinforce a particular opinion and stand on an issue.When the media is sold to the highest bidder in a political environment or is compromised in being factual and balanced in its reportage,then it looses the moral ground to point out ills in the society. Note fake News is NEWS.
From: "KICTAnet ICT Policy Discussions" <kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke <mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke> > To: "Diacen Ndiaga" <dndiaga@kcaa.or.ke <mailto:dndiaga@kcaa.or.ke>> Cc: "kanini mutemi" <kaninimutemi@gmail.com <mailto:kaninimutemi@gmail.com>> Sent: Wednesday, June 28, 2017 6:59:06 AM Subject: [kictanet] PRE KIGF ONLINE DISCUSSIONS DAY 2- FAKE NEWS DURING ELECTIONEERING
Good morning Listers, Welcome to Day 2 of the Pre KIGF Online Discussions. Joy Mala and I will co-moderate this session. We look forward to a vibrant discussion on Fake News especially during the electioneering period. We would like to hear your perspectives on: (a)Is Fake News a problem for Kenya? (b) Companies such as Cambridge Analytica have been said to use pyschographic techniques such as voter profiling during elections to determine who gets to hear what message. Advertising companies have used similar targeted approaches in marketing for years- why is it a problem for elections? (c) Should internet intermediaries filter Fake News from their platforms? (d) Should Fake News be banned? The discussion is open. -- Mercy Mutemi, Advocate.
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