the fake phones use software incompatible with most mainstream service providers. They communicate with the network but remain an ' unknown device'. Each device communicates a series algorithms to the phone network telling location, through the towers its connected to, phone id, sim id, to enable things like charging for call and other such integral things. unknown devices make it very difficult to do this. Even more important, they cannot be tracked. some cant even do M-pesa. the implications are huge.