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Day 3 of 10:-IGF Discussions, Internet Interconnection Charges
by John Walubengo 27 Aug '08

27 Aug '08

Plse feel free to belatedly contribute on Day 1 or 2 themes, jst remember to pick the correct subject line. Meanwhile today we should discuss one of IG issues that touch squarely on the retail cost of Internet Service in developing countries- the Internet Interconnection Charges (IIC, in short) This issue is fairly complex and explosive but we could try and understand if we used a simplified model for Mobile Phone Interconnection Charges and Relationships. Consider mobile phone company, X with 8million customers and mobile phone company, Y with 2 million customers. Each company is supposed to compensate (pay) the other for terminating calls originating from the other. In such a relationship, the bigger company X, can chose to dictate how much the smaller company, Y pays it to terminate the 'Y' calls to its bigger 'X' network/customers. This is losely similar to what is called Transit relationship on the Internet. The big internet networks (Tier 1 and 2 Internet Backbone Providers) in US/Europe get to dictate how much the smaller networks in developing countries need to pay in order to terminate their internet requests for email, web, dns, voip and other services into their Network. Even our much celebrated TEAMS, EASsy and other projects cannot escape these Transit Interconnection Costs. Ofcourse if you do not like their Interconnection Charges you are free to take a walk into nowhere (read: stay offline). Another relationship does exist, the Peer-to-Peer relationship which is equivalent to Mobile phone company Y and company X both having equal or similar number of customers/value e.g. 5million each. In such a relationship, the two Internet Backbone/Service providers chose NOT to charge each other anything. Traffic between the two is exchanged reciprically for free but below each of this big Networks are the smaller networks (read African networks), that must pay Transit Charges. Put bluntly, Africa and other developing countries are subsidizing Internet Costs for the rich nations in the North. Many studies have been carried out to get us out of this fix such as the Halfway-propositions, the ICAIS, etc but todate the status quo remains. The standard response has remained 'If it current interconnection models are working, why should you try and fix them?' 1 day for comments, corrections and/or proposals on this theme. walu. Ref: for some of the Studies: International Charging Arrangements for Internet Services, Module I, ICAIS, p.3 http://www.tmdenton.com/pub/reports/icais_mod1_ch1.pdf The Half-Way Proposition. http://www.balancingact-africa.com/news/back/balancing-act_130.html

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The climate of innovation around IT in SSA
by Eric M.K Osiakwan 26 Aug '08

26 Aug '08

http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/node/4569 - some how Kenya would be a centre piece of this conversation so you welcome to join by webcast and if you let me know in advance, we would schedule the interventions into the structure. Eric here Eric M.K Osiakwan ICT Integrator Internet Research www.internetresearch.com.gh emko(a)internetresearch.com.gh 42 Ring Road Central, Accra-North Tel: +233.21.258800 ext 2031 Fax: +233.21.258811 Cell: +233.24.4386792

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MobileActive08 Summit - Register Now!
by alice 26 Aug '08

26 Aug '08

MobileActive08 Summit 13-15 October 2008 Johannesburg, South Africa ------------------------------------------------------ SANGONeT and MobileActive.org are pleased to announce the programme for the MobileActive08 Summit. Please refer to http://mobileactive08.confabb.com. MobileActive08 is the only global gathering that is connecting leaders who are working at the convergence of civil society, mobile technology and social change. The three-day event convenes key stakeholders that will explore mobile technology in support of social action - how mobile phones are used to advance civil society work, assess the current state of knowledge in the use and effectiveness of mobile technology to advance social action, and investigate trends, needs and investment opportunities. Lots of great people from the ICT sector and civil society are leading sessions and workshops (http://mobileactive08.confabb.com/conferences/MobileActive08/speakers) and there is also lots of time to take it all deeper in the open space sessions. If you are thinking of registering, or know people who want to come to MobileActive08, please register/encourage them to register soon as we are rapidly filling up and will close registration when we reach 300 participants (and we are close!). Please register now at http://mobileactive08.org, and of course, let us know if you have any questions! Best wishes David --------------------------- David Barnard Executive Director Southern African NGO Network (SANGONeT) Tel: (+27) (11) 403-4935 E-mail: dbarnard(a)sangonet.org.za URL: http://www.sangonet.org.za "Linking civil society through ICTs" --- You are currently subscribed to aisi-l as: [alice(a)apc.org] To unsubscribe, forward this message to leave-aisi-l-84914M(a)lyris.bellanet.org

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Re: [kictanet] Abuse of Personal information
by James Kagwe 26 Aug '08

26 Aug '08

Brian, I think to me the abuse comes in due to the fact that the victim gave out personal information innocently not knowing what the recipient was planning to use it for. Later he was called and told that he had won a holiday which was actually a lie as it was pegged on him joining and paying a membership fee. I think it also feel bad when you are invited to take up a ticket which you have won only for people to use your three hours trying to market a product to you, they would as well come out clean and indicate what they want outrightly other than wasting your time. Besides, if I can take my example the time they approached me my financial position then, would not have afforded me such and if I new that they were calling me for that I wouldn't even had gone. Well, I may be wrong but that's my feeling. Regards, James Kagwe ________________________________ From: Brian Munyao Longwe [mailto:brian@caret.net] Sent: Tuesday, August 26, 2008 10:44 AM To: James Kagwe Cc: KICTAnet ICT Policy Discussions Subject: Re: [kictanet] Abuse of Personal information Hi James, I have been invited for this same session in much the same way the lady describes in her story. Due to a hectic schedule I didn't make it for the evening presentation, despite being scheduled (and confirming) 3 times in a row. While I cannot vouch for or against this particular group as I have not yet "tasted" their system/process etc, I will say that I went through an identical experience about 4-5 years ago with "Africa Vacation Club" - and my wife and I actually opted to purchase one of the options which was an off-peak week at their resort (my subsequent experience showed that it's a concept called timeshare). To cut a long story short, we paid for our membership category, have maintained our membership by paying the required annual maintenance fee and have enjoyed a wonderful week holiday at their Kilifi resort with the kids (I have 3). We have also since received our full RCI membership pack, including card and catalogue of other venues around the world where we can "exchange" our local week. But, having said that I do know, and am aware that some con artists have used this gimmick in the past to con innocent Kenyans out of hard-earned money, there are a couple of sites on the 'net that attest to that. What I'm curious about is how the experience you detailed/shared amounts to abuse of personal information? Especially since the said forms were filled voluntarily, which could be assumed to be an "opt in" decision milestone. Please elaborate? Regards, Brian On Aug 26, 2008, at 9:51 AM, James Kagwe wrote: All, I came across the following story http://www.wananchiforums.com/showthread.php?p=2370#post2370 <http://www.wananchiforums.com/showthread.php?p=2370#post2370> and felt I could share it with all of us. Talk about giving out personal information to the wrong people. I was a victim about 4 years ago and I cannot belief that these guys have been going on with this all this time. I have a feeling that this is some abuse of personal information and some policy issues need to be sort out somewhere regarding personal information and how it can / should be used. Best Regards, James Kagwe If you think you can, you can. And if you think you can't, you're right. ********************************************************************* Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis Bishops Garden Towers Bishops Road P.O. Box 56445 Nairobi, Kenya Tel: (254) 20 2719933, 2719934, 2714714, 2714715 Fax: (254) 20 2719951 Confidentiality Warning ======================= The contents of this e-mail and any accompanying documentation are confidential and any use thereof, in what ever form, by anyone other than the addressee is strictly prohibited. If you have received this e-mail in error, please notify admin(a)kippra.or.ke <mailto:admin@kippra.or.ke> and delete it immediately from your system. Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis accepts no responsibility for losses or damage as a result of any viruses and it is your responsibility to check attachments (if any) for viruses. _______________________________________________ kictanet mailing list kictanet(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet This message was sent to: brian(a)caret.net Unsubscribe or change your options at http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/brian%40caret.net

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Abuse of Personal information
by James Kagwe 26 Aug '08

26 Aug '08

All, I came across the following story http://www.wananchiforums.com/showthread.php?p=2370#post2370 <http://www.wananchiforums.com/showthread.php?p=2370#post2370> and felt I could share it with all of us. Talk about giving out personal information to the wrong people. I was a victim about 4 years ago and I cannot belief that these guys have been going on with this all this time. I have a feeling that this is some abuse of personal information and some policy issues need to be sort out somewhere regarding personal information and how it can / should be used. Best Regards, James Kagwe If you think you can, you can. And if you think you can't, you're right. ********************************************************************* Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis Bishops Garden Towers Bishops Road P.O. Box 56445 Nairobi, Kenya Tel: (254) 20 2719933, 2719934, 2714714, 2714715 Fax: (254) 20 2719951 Confidentiality Warning ======================= The contents of this e-mail and any accompanying documentation are confidential and any use thereof, in what ever form, by anyone other than the addressee is strictly prohibited. If you have received this e-mail in error, please notify admin(a)kippra.or.ke <mailto:admin@kippra.or.ke> and delete it immediately from your system. Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis accepts no responsibility for losses or damage as a result of any viruses and it is your responsibility to check attachments (if any) for viruses.

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Foreign Software Houses of Babel..in kenya.
by Bill Kagai 26 Aug '08

26 Aug '08

I am watching news in awe where they are reporting that Kenya Ports Authority has deployed a Korean piece of software (Kwatos) to ease turn-around at the Port but now its not working well with the Kenya Revenue Authority software from Chile (Simba). Ofcourse both cost billions. As the spanish-speaking chileans 'haga el informe con los otros extranjeros' with the Koreans to '소프트웨어를 저희를 위해 일한' , sisi wakenya tunangoja kusaidiwa. Mwafrika anajimaliza mwenyewe...as Baba Gideon would say. < http://uk.babelfish.yahoo.com/translate_txt> The result according to one Mureithi of Kenya Shipping Associations is that port has now become a 'store' rather than a 'door' taking ages (14 days instead of 3 days) to clear goods because of the software conflict. Here be dragons...is this a kictanet sized problem...or do we just watch and comment later in another study on this discussion forum???? Time for an ICT Commission of Inquiry ??? Bill Kagai

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The digital war on poverty -this, we can win?
by Eric M.K Osiakwan 25 Aug '08

25 Aug '08

http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2008/aug/21/ digitalmedia.mobilephones Eric M.K Osiakwan ICT Integrator Internet Research www.internetresearch.com.gh emko(a)internetresearch.com.gh 42 Ring Road Central, Accra-North Tel: +233.21.258800 ext 2031 Fax: +233.21.258811 Cell: +233.24.4386792

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[Fwd: BPO study]
by alice 25 Aug '08

25 Aug '08

Dear all University of Nairobi will soon undertake comprehensive research in the business process outsourcing (BPO) sub-sector in pioneer, emerging and mature markets in order to provide evidence and a deeper understanding of the imperatives for success in this industry to better inform Kenya’s policy decisions and investment choices. Please find the brief attached and for all those interested, take note of the the launch workshop scheduled for 10^th September. Best alice

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[GENDER CENTRED] Cybercrime legislations]
by alice 25 Aug '08

25 Aug '08

(apologies for cross-posting) --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- *GENDER CENTRED: A GenderIT.org thematic bulletin* --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- *Cybercrime legislations and gender* I. SMALL THOUGHTS AROUND…Cybercrime legislations and gender II. NEW ARTICLES II. FEATURED RESOURCES IV. JARGON V. WHO'S WHO VI. DID YOU KNOW… --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- I. SMALL THOUGHTS AROUND…Cybercrime legislations and gender by Flavia Fascendini This edition of GenderIT.org examines the issue of cybercrime legislation through a gendered perspective and its implication on women, in collaboration with the ICT Policy Monitor Latinamerica and the Caribbean team of the Association for Progressive Communications. The focus of this edition was catalysed by issues and questions raised by our readers on the increasing pervasiveness of cybercrime legislations in different regions, and their potential impact on women's communication rights. As always, we began to investigate the issue with many questions: What is meant by “cybercrime”? In what kinds of spaces would cybercrimes be considered as being committed? How do they differentiate and affect ideas of the public and the private? How can this affect women as users and developers of the internet, e-mail, cell phones and other information and communication technologies (ICT)? Can cybercrime restrict the exercise of individual rights to privacy, freedom of expression and civil liberties? Can the rhetoric of fighting cybercrimes in effect be used to restrict the exercise of women’s communication rights? How can the issue of cybercrimes be analysed from a feminist perspective? Is this issue currently part of the women's movement's agenda? How the criminalisation of online sexual expression and practices as well as the sex trade affect the sexual rights of women? In this edition of GenderIT.org, our team of writers together with the APC Policy Programme in Latin America Minitor team present the many facets of this challenging policy area. Their different approaches and stances clearly demonstrate the difficulty of drawing a clear line between protection of women's rights from violation and empowering their status as users and definers of ICT and the information society. The articles portray the current cybercrime landscape, arising issues and their gendered dimensions in different regions of the world – including India, Burkina Faso, USA, Chile, Brazil, Venezuela and Bolivia. We invite your reflections on this subject that remains contentious and sometimes directly absent. Read the full version of this editorial in the Feminist Talk section: http://www.genderit.org/en/index.shtml?apc=f--e--1&x=96162 <http://www.genderit.org/en/index.shtml?apc=f--e--1&x=96162> --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- II. NEW ARTICLES *Finding a difficult balance* *Human rights, law enforcement and cyber violence against women* GenderIT writer Mavic Cabrera-Balleza probed on new analytical frameworks of violence against women taking into account cyber violence and the challenges and dilemmas women activists confront as they struggle to address this relatively new dimension of gender injustice. She spoke with two women activists who are at the forefront of advocacy on violence against women at the national and international levels - Lesley Ann Foster, founder and Executive Director of Masimanye Women’s Support Network in South Africa and Charlotte Bunch, founder and Executive Director of the Center for Women’s Global Leadership at Rutgers University in New Jersey, USA. http://www.genderit.org/en/index.shtml?w=a&x=96169 <http://www.genderit.org/en/index.shtml?w=a&x=96169> *Cybercrime laws are not enough, there is also a need for education* The different forms of online violence against women should be covered by criminal legislation to provide adequate protection and redress. However, laws are not enough. There is also a need for education, prevention, the development of defence mechanisms and a legal system that is capable of addressing these issues without subjecting the victims to further victimisation. Carlos Gregorio, a researcher at the Research Institute for Justice (Instituto de Investigación para la Justicia) in Buenos Aires, Argentina, shares his views on a number of issues related to cybercrime. http://www.genderit.org/en/index.shtml?w=a&x=96159 <http://www.genderit.org/en/index.shtml?w=a&x=96159> *Unequal protection, cyber crime and the internet in India* In assessing cyber crime legislation, policy makers and gender and development advocates must carefully consider the implications for privacy and information security. On the one hand, ICT have created opportunities to combat inequality through movements and communities against issues that were once deemed 'private', such as domestic violence and sex trafficking. On the other hand, ICT exacerbate existing structures of inequality by enabling cyber criminals to access and misuse private information to target vulnerable groups. As ICT blur the lines between personal and public, the nature of the internet and cyber crime - including how they affect human rights and social justice - must be questioned. Weiting Xu casts a gendered lens on cybercrime laws in India. http://www.genderit.org/en/index.shtml?w=a&x=96161 <http://www.genderit.org/en/index.shtml?w=a&x=96161> *Dealing with fraud and internet "love": women and cybercrime in Burkina Faso* Fraud, data piracy, seeking partners on the internet: Ramata Soré discovers that women in Burkina Faso are as much victims as perpetrators. From Ouagadougou to Banfora via Bobo-Dioulasso, and from Ouahigouya to Dori, all towns with an internet connection are affected by this phenomenon. However, the fight against this crime is in the tentative stages, if not altogether non-existent. Legislation is still under development. http://www.genderit.org/en/index.shtml?w=a&x=96160 <http://www.genderit.org/en/index.shtml?w=a&x=96160> Visit the collection of a wide variety of other articles and resources related to this issue in the violence against women section: http://www.genderit.org/en/index.shtml?apc=i90501-e--1 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- III. FEATURED RESOURCES *Take Back The Tech: Reclaiming ICT to end violence against women* Take Back The Tech! is a yearly 16-day campaign that aims to engage greater participation by all civil society, especially grrls and women ICT-users, to think about the issue of violence against women and ICT in diverse contexts and realities. By calling for all users to reclaim control over technology, the campaign is asking for the right to define, access, use and shape ICTs for its potential to transform power relations, towards a vision and reality of equality. http://www.genderit.org/en/index.shtml?apc=r90501-e96196-1 *Online Harassment/Cyberstalking Statistics* Cyberstalking statistics have been collected by Working to Halt Online Abuse (WHOA) - a US-based online safety organisation - over the period of eight years, from 2000 till 2007. Data is gathered from survivors through the demographic questionnaire published on the WHOA web site at haltabuse.org . The released data are based on a total of 2,285 completed questionnaires. One interesting finding reveals that although women are still the primary victims, with men as the primary harassers, male victims and female harassers have significantly increased over the years. http://www.genderit.org/en/index.shtml?apc=r90501-e96137-1 *CyberStalked: Our Story* The story of Cynthia Armistead, the founder of the site Cyberstalked (www.cyberstalked.org) The site originally began as a place to refute the defamation spread about Cynthia and her family across the internet. In this story, Cynthia shares the experiences of her and her daughter as targets of online harassment and stalking over period of several years. http://www.genderit.org/en/index.shtml?apc=r90501-e96138-1 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- IV. JARGON *Cybercrime* Cybercrime (or e-crime) refers to criminal offences which are committed with the aid of ICTs (e.g. internet, mobile phone). Cybercrime laws may encompass broad range of issues, including such activities as hacking, intellectual property violations, dissemination of 'harmful' content such as child pornography or racist and xenophobic materials. Some experts divide cybercrime into three major categories, those committed against persons (e.g. online harrasment or pornography distribution over internet), cybercrimes against property (e.g. illegal sharing of copyrighted movies and music in peer to peers networks or software piracy), and cybercrimes against government (e.g. cyber terrorism). In many countries, cybercrime bills focus merely on economic and state security threads, and fail to recognise cybercrimes against persons, including serious forms of crimes against women, such as cyberstalking or cyber harassment. At the international level, cybercrime is addressed in the Convention on Cybercrime that attempts to harmonise national laws, improve investigative techniques and increase cooperation among nations. Human rights advocates criticize the failure of this treaty to protect privacy, freedom of expression and civil liberties. To understand unfamiliar ICT or gender terms visit the Jargon section: http://www.genderit.org/en/index.shtml?apc=j--e--1 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- V. WHO'S WHO *EPIC:Electronic Privacy Frontier* A public interest research center established in Washington in 1994. EPIC focus on emerging civil liberties issues, such as protection of privacy or freedom of expression in the information age. EPIC activities involve policy research, public education, conferences, litigation, publications, and advocacy. Among other, EPIC runs 'Domestic Violence and Privacy' project aimed to help practitioners with privacy issues their clients may face. As the part of this project, EPIC along with domestic violence advocates recommended to include strong privacy protections of online court records, which may put in risk domestic violence survivors, into the Violence Against Women Act (VAWA), the first federal legislation specifically addressing domestic abuse in USA. In their Gender and Electronic Privacy study, EPIC also examimes privacy issues from gender perspective. EPIC website: http://epic.org/ Gender and Electronic Privacy: http://epic.org/privacy/gender/ Domestic Violence and Privacy Project: http://epic.org/privacy/dv/ To find out more about key stakeholders in the field of ICTs, visit the Who's Who in Policy section: http://www.genderit.org/en/index.shtml?apc=w--e--1 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- VI. DID YOU KNOW... *Gender Centred Archive* You can now check all editions of GenderIT.org thematic bulletin, published since 2006, in Gender Centred Archive: http://www.genderit.org/archive/?q=en/bulletin *Sign up for Gender Centred thematic bulletin* You can sign up for Gender Centred thematic e-bulletin focused on topical gender and ICT policy themes and issued in average four times per year: http://www.genderit.org/archive/?q=en/subscribe-bulletin --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- *CopyLeft. 2008 APC Women's Networking Support Programme (APC WNSP)* Permission is granted to use this document for personal use, for training and educational publications, and activities by peace, environmental, human rights or development organisations. Please provide an acknowledgement to APC WNSP. --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- Sylvie Niombo Brazzaville, Congo ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Envoyé avec Yahoo! Mail <http://us.rd.yahoo.com/mailuk/taglines/isp/control/*http://us.rd.yahoo.com/…>. Une boite mail plus intelligente. --- You are currently subscribed to aisi-l as: [alice(a)apc.org] To unsubscribe, forward this message to leave-aisi-l-84914M(a)lyris.bellanet.org

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Fwd: Misrepresentations?
by Brian Longwe 25 Aug '08

25 Aug '08

---------- Forwarded message ---------- From: Brian Longwe <blongwe(a)gmail.com> Date: Mon, Aug 25, 2008 at 1:24 PM Subject: Re: [kictanet] Misrepresentations? To: "Gakuru, Alex" <alexgakuru.lists(a)gmail.com> Dear Alex, I find it interesting that you choose to use a public mailing list to ask such questions. You know very well who the KICTANET staff are, you know very well where the KICTANET office is and you also know every single one of the relevant individual email addresses that such a request ought to be directed to. Have you tried this and failed to receive a response? If so, please let me know and as Chairperson I will see to that you get a response. If not, then I strongly suggest that you follow what would be considered normal procedure in most organisations and contact the operations personnel directly. Best regards, Brian On Sun, Aug 24, 2008 at 11:24 AM, Gakuru, Alex <alexgakuru.lists(a)gmail.com>wrote: > Dear Alice, Walu, and Edith > > < > http://www.google.co.ke/search?hl=en&q=kictanet%2C+regulator%2C+discussions… > > > yields the document "Hello Munyua.pdf" published at that includes my > name as a participant in a discussion(s) I openly and explicitly > stated that I did not wish and never did thus your report contains > misrepresentations. (below email forward clearly explains why I chose > not to participate.) The report is factually incorrect, and also the > said discussions did not take place in the cited time frame, (see list > archives) > > Trivial as it may appear to be, it may have the effect of curtailing > list subscriber's active participation in online discussions - not > only for misrepresentation but because the output document was never > posted onlist or members alerted despite this being the source of its > information. It's authors would have had an opportunity for immediate > validation and corrections of their points of view, among other > members' reactions. > > Could Edith Adera of IDRC( funders), Alice Munyua and John Walubengo > (the authors) kindly explain. > > Regards, > > > Alex Gakuru > > PS: I note that in the same month, I asked why I got password > reminders from other kictanet list I had never subscribed? That is yet > to be answered. > AG > > > ---forward--- > > From: > "Alex Gakuru" <alex.gakuru(a)yahoo.com> > Add sender to Contacts > To: > "John Walubengo" <jwalu(a)yahoo.com> > Cc: > "editors" <mediaeditors(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke>, "media" > <media(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke>, "KICTAnet ICT Policy Discussions" > <kictanet(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke> > > > > --- Alex Gakuru <alex.gakuru(a)yahoo.com> wrote: > > > > > > > Walu, > > > > > > > > As you are aware, our consumer network is also > > > > scheduled to discuss internet access problems > > > facing > > > > consumers from next week. This was occasioned by > > > the > > > > realisation that government and business both > > > claim to > > > > everything in our best interests only for us to > > > > realise we end up with increased tax baggage on > > > one > > > > shoulder and heavy profit luggage on the other - > > > each > > > > blaming the other for the problem and neither > > > > (honestly) engages consumers. I am still ready > > to > > > > participate, but only if consumer value > > > proposition is > > > > visibly clear. > > > > > > > > First, I am trying to understand whom we are > > doing > > > > this for? Did CCK ask for our help after they > > > > published their Service Charter at > > > > http://www.cck.go.ke/html/chatter.asp early this > > > year? > > > > If so, does it suggest the charter promises are > > > not > > > > being realised? > > > > > > > > 1. What motivated this discussion? > > > > 2. What shall be the output, to whom, and for > > what > > > > purpose? > > > > 3. "Information Access" crosscutting; > > why pick one > > > > agency? > > > > 4. Would not FOI legislation discussion encompass > > > > e-gov services? > > > > > > > > Freedom of Information guarantees every citizen > > > access > > > > to ALL information also requiring every public > > > body > > > > (ministries, state corporation, boards…any > > > "person" > > > > with the colour of the law) to "proactively > > > disclose" > > > > public information held in trust. > > > > > > > > Unless we adopt a holistic approach to access to > > > > information, I fear we shall be lost in piecemeal > > > > information access discussion (e.g. ECK, KRA, > > > > "National Security", et. al.) > > > > > > > > > > > > Alex > > > > > > > > --- John Walubengo <jwalu(a)yahoo.com> wrote: > > > > > > > > > I know I am competing for space with the > > > overheating > > > > > politics in .KE but I have no choice but to > > give > > > > > notice and > > > > > invitation to participate in the above > > > e-Discussion. > > > > > > > > > > The eDiscussions will kick of next Monday > > > october > > > > > 8th 2007 > > > > > and shall ran for 10days. > > > > > > > > > > The Objective of the discussithe attachedon are: > > > > > > > > > > • Raise Awareness on the Role and > > Objectives of > > > > > Information > > > > > and Communication Regulators > > > > > • Establish the Opportunities that > > Internet can > > > > > provide in > > > > > achieving Regulatory objectives > > > > > • Establish the Threats that Internet > > presents > > > to > > > > > Regulatory functions > > > > > • Discuss how Regulatory bodies can > > utilise the > > > web > > > > > to > > > > > achieve their objectives > > > > > • Establish appropriate eCommunication > > > Strategies & > > > > > Practices for Regulators > > > > > • Way forward and conclusions > > > > > > > > > > Detailed Program is given below: > > > > > • What is the Role of Information > > Communication > > > > > Regulators > > > > > – 1day > > > > > -Vision, Mission, Objective and functions > > > > > -Customer Base (Public, Consumer, Operators, > > > CSO, > > > > > etc) > > > > > • How can Regulators utilise the Internet > > to > > > achieve > > > > > their > > > > > objectives -5 days > > > > > -What are the Opportunities & Threats > > that the > > > > > internet > > > > > presents to Regulators? > > > > > -What are the current web-based Challenges > > and > > > > > Practices > > > > > and for Regulators? > > > > > -What Content Should Regulators Provide > > Online? > > > > > • What are the available e-Communication > > > Strategies > > > > > for > > > > > Regulators- 3days > > > > > -What are the possible e-Tools that the > > > Regulator > > > > > can > > > > > deploy in their Service Provision? > > > > > -How can Regulators use the e-Tools to > > enable > > > > > synergies > > > > > with Consumers, CSO and other players? > > > > > • Way Forward and Conclusions -1day. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > walu. > > > > > > > "Hello Munyua" > http://www.regulateonline.org/component/option,com_docman/task,doc_download… > > _______________________________________________ > kictanet mailing list > kictanet(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke > http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet > > This message was sent to: blongwe(a)gmail.com > Unsubscribe or change your options at > http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/blongwe%40gmail.com > -- Brian Munyao Longwe e-mail: blongwe(a)gmail.com cell: + 254 722 518 744 blog : http://zinjlog.blogspot.com meta-blog: http://mashilingi.blogspot.com -- Brian Munyao Longwe e-mail: blongwe(a)gmail.com cell: + 254 722 518 744 blog : http://zinjlog.blogspot.com meta-blog: http://mashilingi.blogspot.com

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Misrepresentations?
by Gakuru, Alex 25 Aug '08

25 Aug '08

Dear Alice, Walu, and Edith <http://www.google.co.ke/search?hl=en&q=kictanet%2C+regulator%2C+discussions…> yields the document "Hello Munyua.pdf" published at that includes my name as a participant in a discussion(s) I openly and explicitly stated that I did not wish and never did thus your report contains misrepresentations. (below email forward clearly explains why I chose not to participate.) The report is factually incorrect, and also the said discussions did not take place in the cited time frame, (see list archives) Trivial as it may appear to be, it may have the effect of curtailing list subscriber's active participation in online discussions - not only for misrepresentation but because the output document was never posted onlist or members alerted despite this being the source of its information. It's authors would have had an opportunity for immediate validation and corrections of their points of view, among other members' reactions. Could Edith Adera of IDRC( funders), Alice Munyua and John Walubengo (the authors) kindly explain. Regards, Alex Gakuru PS: I note that in the same month, I asked why I got password reminders from other kictanet list I had never subscribed? That is yet to be answered. AG ---forward--- From: "Alex Gakuru" <alex.gakuru(a)yahoo.com> Add sender to Contacts To: "John Walubengo" <jwalu(a)yahoo.com> Cc: "editors" <mediaeditors(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke>, "media" <media(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke>, "KICTAnet ICT Policy Discussions" <kictanet(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke> > > --- Alex Gakuru <alex.gakuru(a)yahoo.com> wrote: > > > > > Walu, > > > > > > As you are aware, our consumer network is also > > > scheduled to discuss internet access problems > > facing > > > consumers from next week. This was occasioned by > > the > > > realisation that government and business both > > claim to > > > everything in our best interests only for us to > > > realise we end up with increased tax baggage on > > one > > > shoulder and heavy profit luggage on the other - > > each > > > blaming the other for the problem and neither > > > (honestly) engages consumers. I am still ready > to > > > participate, but only if consumer value > > proposition is > > > visibly clear. > > > > > > First, I am trying to understand whom we are > doing > > > this for? Did CCK ask for our help after they > > > published their Service Charter at > > > http://www.cck.go.ke/html/chatter.asp early this > > year? > > > If so, does it suggest the charter promises are > > not > > > being realised? > > > > > > 1. What motivated this discussion? > > > 2. What shall be the output, to whom, and for > what > > > purpose? > > > 3. "Information Access" crosscutting; > why pick one > > > agency? > > > 4. Would not FOI legislation discussion encompass > > > e-gov services? > > > > > > Freedom of Information guarantees every citizen > > access > > > to ALL information also requiring every public > > body > > > (ministries, state corporation, boards…any > > "person" > > > with the colour of the law) to "proactively > > disclose" > > > public information held in trust. > > > > > > Unless we adopt a holistic approach to access to > > > information, I fear we shall be lost in piecemeal > > > information access discussion (e.g. ECK, KRA, > > > "National Security", et. al.) > > > > > > > > > Alex > > > > > > --- John Walubengo <jwalu(a)yahoo.com> wrote: > > > > > > > I know I am competing for space with the > > overheating > > > > politics in .KE but I have no choice but to > give > > > > notice and > > > > invitation to participate in the above > > e-Discussion. > > > > > > > > The eDiscussions will kick of next Monday > > october > > > > 8th 2007 > > > > and shall ran for 10days. > > > > > > > > The Objective of the discussithe attachedon are: > > > > > > > > • Raise Awareness on the Role and > Objectives of > > > > Information > > > > and Communication Regulators > > > > • Establish the Opportunities that > Internet can > > > > provide in > > > > achieving Regulatory objectives > > > > • Establish the Threats that Internet > presents > > to > > > > Regulatory functions > > > > • Discuss how Regulatory bodies can > utilise the > > web > > > > to > > > > achieve their objectives > > > > • Establish appropriate eCommunication > > Strategies & > > > > Practices for Regulators > > > > • Way forward and conclusions > > > > > > > > Detailed Program is given below: > > > > • What is the Role of Information > Communication > > > > Regulators > > > > – 1day > > > > -Vision, Mission, Objective and functions > > > > -Customer Base (Public, Consumer, Operators, > > CSO, > > > > etc) > > > > • How can Regulators utilise the Internet > to > > achieve > > > > their > > > > objectives -5 days > > > > -What are the Opportunities & Threats > that the > > > > internet > > > > presents to Regulators? > > > > -What are the current web-based Challenges > and > > > > Practices > > > > and for Regulators? > > > > -What Content Should Regulators Provide > Online? > > > > • What are the available e-Communication > > Strategies > > > > for > > > > Regulators- 3days > > > > -What are the possible e-Tools that the > > Regulator > > > > can > > > > deploy in their Service Provision? > > > > -How can Regulators use the e-Tools to > enable > > > > synergies > > > > with Consumers, CSO and other players? > > > > • Way Forward and Conclusions -1day. > > > > > > > > > > > > walu. > > > > "Hello Munyua" http://www.regulateonline.org/component/option,com_docman/task,doc_download…

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Day 10 of 10:-IGF Discussion, Socio-Cultural Issues
by mwende njiraini 25 Aug '08

25 Aug '08

Morning! Today we enter our last day of discussion on Socio-cultural issues. To begin with, we discuss issues relating to content control and freedom of expression. The internet governance discussions on content focus on the need to control three groups of content. Firstly, content where a global consensus is in place including child pornography and terrorism. Secondly, content that might be sensitive to particular countries, regions or ethnic groups due to their religious and cultural values. Thirdly, politically and ideologically sensitive content. There already exist several initiatives that limit the potential misuse of the internet. Are there such initiatives in Africa? How can we enhance national legislation to include a content policy that would guarantee the protection of human rights, specifically freedom of expression and also remove the ambiguous role of ISPs, law enforcement agencies and other players? Secondly, we discuss issues relating to the delivery of education services over the internet (e-learning). Many students from developing countries are today opting for online education to overcome the challenge of prohibitive costs associated with foreign education. Increased cross-border education has brought about international governance issues in relation to accreditation of institutions, recognition of qualification and quality assurance. Is there an existing national policy on online education? What measures need to be put in place to assist our local universities develop e-learning programmes in order to protect our culture/traditions implicitly transmitted through our local institutions as well as prevent capital flight? References: 1. Kurbalija, J. and Gelbstein, E. (2005) Internet governance: Issues, Actors and Divides Again, you are encouraged to contribute to previous discussion threads. Kind regards Mwende Disclaimer: These comments are the author's own

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The Future of the Internet, Addressing the growth of the net and more...
by alice 22 Aug '08

22 Aug '08

. Stephen Colbert interviews Jonathan Zittrain on his book The Future of the Internet Fresh from being awarded his most recent Peabody award, Stephen Colbert interviews Jonathan Zittrain wants to save the good chaos of the Internet and separate it from the bad chaos that will stomp on everything. http://www.comedycentral.com/colbertreport/videos.jhtml?videoId=174083 2. Analysis: FCC Comcast Order is Open Invitation to Internet Filtering Using words like "misdirection," "obfuscation," "absurd" and "verbal gymnastics," the Federal Communications Commission released its formal decision Wednesday ordering Comcast to stop throttling BitTorrrent traffic, a practice the carrier has repeatedly denied performing. http://blog.wired.com/27bstroke6/2008/08/analysis-fcc-co.html 3. FCC Order scolds Comcast for changing story on P2P blocking "Surrender, Comcast!" declares the FCC in its Order on P2P blocking. The agency also calls on the public to stay vigilant on the issue and aligns itself more closely with the net neutrality movement. http://arstechnica.com/news.ars/post/20080820-fcc-order-scolds-comcast-for-… 4. Telstra tops Canberra lobbyist list Telstra has emerged as the most active employer of Canberra lobbyists in the IT&T field, although others such as Apple and Google also employ external firms to push their agendas with politicians and government workers. ... Another organisation with an A-list roster of tech firms is Government Relations Australia Advisory, which has worked with ARIA, ICANN, Microsoft, eBay and PayPal. http://www.zdnet.com.au/news/business/soa/Telstra-tops-Canberra-lobbyist-li… 5. ICANN to Hold Auctions for Disputes ICANN announced this week that it will handle any disagreements over who wins the right to new generic top level domains by auction. http://www.thewhir.com/marketwatch/081908_ICANN_to_Hold_Auctions_for_Disput… 6. ICANN to settle disputes by auction [sun req'd] The body behind the Internet's addressing systems has said that it will settle disputes over who wins the right to new generic top level domains (gTLDs) by auction. http://www.legalbrief.co.za/article.php?story=200808200827208 ********************** - ccTLD & gTLD NEWS ********************** 7. Govt meddling fears hit .hk domain - ISPs are concerned a new government-dominated structure to administer the territory's .hk domain name will leave end-users without a say. The proposed revamp of the Hong Kong Internet Registration Company will see its number of directors slashed from 13 to eight. http://thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=11&art_id=70535&sid=202708… <http://thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=11&art_id=70535&sid=202708…> 8. Boosting numbers in .ke domain names Domain names have increasingly become part of our daily lives, but the uptake of the .ke (dot ke) is still lagging behind. http://bdafrica.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=9451&Itemid=5… <http://bdafrica.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=9451&Itemid=5…> ********************** - DNS SECURITY ********************** 9. Cybersecurity and the Law: Dangerous Cybersilence Sometimes no news is worse than bad news. When a company's data is stolen by hackers, affected customers typically receive a disturbing note from the breached firm, warning that they could soon become victims of identity theft. http://www.forbes.com/technology/2008/08/19/cybersecurity-infected-software… 10. Cyberwar isn't a grand struggle - it's a scary prospect of pure chaos When Russian tanks rolled into Georgia, it brought back memories of Soviet-era military conquest - a reminder of the cold war. But whether by accident or design, the fight for South Ossettia appears to have given us a taste of the future as well, with internet attacks on Georgian computer systems resulting in theories about 21st-century warfare spilling out everywhere. The BBC said the situation represented a "virtual echo of battles being fought on the ground", while Slate.com's Evgeny Morozov even enlisted as a Russian cybersoldier to see what was really happening. But while the past fortnight has seen plenty of conjecture, there's been very little hard evidence about the conflict that's taking place in cyberspace. http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2008/aug/21/blogging.internet 11. Cyber war or cyber riot? [ABC Radio audio] The Georgians maintain they've been the victims of cyber-warfare, but there is division within internet security circles about whether what is happening is in fact 'cyber-warfare', whether the Russian government is actually involved and also how significant the event really is. Jart Armin, a London-based internet security analyst, and Gadi Evron, an Israel-based internet security analyst, are interviewed. http://www.abc.net.au/rn/mediareport/stories/2008/2342237.htm 12. Georgia Cyberwar Overblown [Network World] Last week Russian tanks rolled into South Ossetia while Russian bombers were taking out critical communications infrastructure. But even before the first tank rolled across the disputed borders, another war was brewing in cyberspace. http://www.pcworld.com/businesscenter/article/150021/georgia_cyberwar_overb… 13. China Netcom DNS cache poisoning Websense Security Labs ThreatSeeker Network has detected that the DNS cache on the default DNS server used by the customers of China Netcom (CNC) has been poisoned. When China Netcom customers mistype and enter an invalid domain name, the poisoned DNS server directs the visitor's browser to a page that contains malicious code. http://www.mag-securs.com/spip.php?article11280 ********************** - DOMAIN DISPUTES ********************** 14. China's Internet chiefs ban names of the Games China's sport authorities have banned the issuing of Internet domain names based on the country's Olympic gold medal-winning athletes to anyone but the medalists themselves. http://english.people.com.cn/90002/94411/95075/6481206.html http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2008-08/20/content_6954726.htm http://china.org.cn/olympics/news/2008-08/20/content_16281739.htm http://english.eastday.com/eastday/englishedition/nation/u1a3816302.html 15. China limits use of Olympians' names online [AP] China has banned the use of its Olympic gold medalists' names as Internet addresses by anyone but the athletes themselves. The move announced Tuesday came after companies registered the names of winning Chinese athletes at the 2004 Athens Olympics as Web addresses, prompting an outcry by sports fans. http://www.thestate.com/techwire/story/496042.html http://news.smh.com.au/technology/china-limits-use-of-olympians-names-onlin… http://news.theage.com.au/technology/china-limits-use-of-olympians-names-on… http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/n/a/2008/08/20/financial/f0033… 16. Max Levchin's Slide Loses Domain Name Challenge PayPal co-founder Max Levchin and his internet widget company Slide have lost a UDRP decision to obtain the domain SlideTV.com and 127 other associated domain names. http://domainnamewire.com/2008/08/19/max-levchins-slide-loses-domain-name-c… ********************** - IPv4/IPv6 ********************** 17. Addressing the growth of the net Regular commentator Bill Thompson sees no reason to worry about the future of the internet: ... But it's even better if you can focus on aspects of the network's core architecture that few users ever notice, like the unique numerical addresses assigned to every internet-connected device and the complex mechanisms used to move information between those devices. And if you've got an authoritative report from an international body calling for something to be done then you're on to a winner. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/7572583.stm 18. Study Shows Glacial Pace of IPv6 Adoption [IDG] A study this week has revealed just how slow is the rate of adoption for IPv6, the next version of the Internet's main communications protocol, and some experts say black markets where companies trade unused IP addresses may be only a few years away. http://www.pcworld.com/article/150013/2008/08/.html http://www.networkworld.com/news/2008/081908-study-shows-glacial-pace-of.ht… http://www.infoworld.com/article/08/08/19/Study_shows_glacial_pace_of_IPv6_… http://computerworld.com.au/index.php/id;883066691 http://computerworld.com/action/article.do?command=viewArticleBasic&article… <http://computerworld.com/action/article.do?command=viewArticleBasic&article…> 19. Lots of Foot Dragging on IPv6 The IPv4 address space is near exhaustion, yet a new report claims that traffic on the modernized IPv6 protocol is slow and migration to the newer address spaces is sluggish. In a year-long study of 2,393 peering and backbone routers conducted by Arbor Networks, the majority of respondents (customer and peering interfaces) said IPv6 traffic is a small percentage of overall traffic. http://www.opticallynetworked.com/news/article.php/3766321 ********************** - MISCELLANEOUS ********************** 20. "Wildcarding, the implications for the .au space" – Melbourne domain name seminar A seminar and cocktail party sponsored by Melbourne law firm Cooper Mills Lawyers to discuss the .au domain name space, wildcarding and the implications for .au with special guest Ehud Gavron will be held on Tuesday September 2. http://technewsreview.com.au/article.php?article=5688 http://www.domainpulse.com/2008/08/20/wildcarding-implications-au-space-mel… http://www.domainnews.com/en/general/wildcarding-the-implications-for-the-.… 21. Melbourne IT Seeks to Diversify to Ensure Future The internet is meant to be a safe harbour from recession. But no harbour is completely safe - otherwise it would be a lake - so domain registrar Melbourne IT is deepening its earnings streams through cyber diversification. http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,25197,24208902-30538,00.html 22. Melbourne IT warns of slowing economic growth Slowing economic growth and a tight skills market will make it a challenging year for the IT industry, according to Melbourne IT's chief. http://www.arnnet.com.au/index.php/id;975653726 23. Melbourne IT spends up on systems Domain name and hosting specialist Melbourne IT today unveiled plans to embark on a year-long major technology refresh project, targeting everything from its accounting, billing and provisioning systems to its storage network and data centre. http://www.zdnet.com.au/news/communications/soa/Melbourne-IT-spends-up-on-s… 24. Melbourne IT on track for profit growth [AAP] Domain name manager and online services provider Melbourne IT Ltd says it is on track to deliver a sixth consecutive year of growth in revenue and profit after booking a 20 per cent lift in half year profit. http://www.thewest.com.au/aapstory.aspx?StoryName=507449 25. VeriSign adds SSLs for internationalised domain names [sub req'd] http://telecom.paper.nl/news/article.aspx?id=226636 ********************** - DOMAINING & AFTERMARKET ********************** 26. Sedo Sells JTR.com for $90,000 Three character domain name leads sales chart for Sedo this week. http://domainnamewire.com/2008/08/19/sedo-sells-jtrcom-for-90000/ 27. Domain parking is dead Why parking domains is dead and what you can do to join the web revolution. http://domaininformer.com/guides/General_Information/articles/080819domainp… 28. Search Engine Strategies Domain Live Auction We are live blogging the Domain Auction at the Search Engine Strategies conference in San Jose. Please note that these are not the official results and while we do our best to provide correct results, there may make an occasional mistake. See the live results after the jump. http://www.domainnamenews.com/domain-auction/search-engine-strategies-domai… _______________________________________________ AfrICANN mailing list AfrICANN(a)afrinic.net https://lists.afrinic.net/mailman/listinfo.cgi/africann

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[Fwd: [governance] Two outrageous stories of so-called "intellectual property protection"]
by alice 22 Aug '08

22 Aug '08

Check this out.... -------- Original Message -------- Subject: [governance] Two outrageous stories of so-called "intellectual property protection" Date: Fri, 22 Aug 2008 10:20:53 -0400 From: George Sadowsky <george.sadowsky(a)attglobal.net> Reply-To: governance(a)lists.cpsr.org,George Sadowsky <george.sadowsky(a)attglobal.net> To: governance(a)lists.cpsr.org The two patents APPROVED this month are described below below. It's truly remarkable that such giants of of the information industry can make such unbelievable leaps into the future. I first thought that these were clever jokes. They are not. If you don't believe them, check them in: http://patft.uspto.gov/ http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO2&Sect2=HITOFF&u=%2Fneta… http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO2&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2F… or just Google the patent numbers for some interesting commentary. Then take action to demand a complete overhaul of the patent system. George ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ AWARDED TO IBM! On Tuesday,* IBM* was granted US Patent No. 7,407,089 for storing a preference for* paper* or* plastic* grocery bags on customer cards and displaying a picture of said preference after a card is scanned. The invention, Big Blue explains, eliminates the 'unnecessary inconvenience for both the customer and the cashier' that results when '*Paper* or* Plastic*?' must be asked. The patent claims also cover affixing a cute sticker of a* paper* or* plastic* bag to a customer card to indicate packaging preferences. AWARDED TO MICROSOFT! United States Patent 7,415,666 Sellers , et al. August 19, 2008 Method and system for navigating paginated content in page-based increments Abstract A method and system in a document viewer for scrolling a substantially exact increment in a document, such as one page, regardless of whether the zoom is such that some, all or one page is currently being viewed. In one implementation, pressing a Page Down or Page Up keyboard key/button allows a user to begin at any starting vertical location within a page, and navigate to that same location on the next or previous page. For example, if a user is viewing a page starting in a viewing area from the middle of that page and ending at the bottom, a Page Down command will cause the next page to be shown in the viewing area starting at the middle of the next page and ending at the bottom of the next page. Similar behavior occurs when there is more than one column of pages being displayed in a row. -- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ George Sadowsky george.sadowsky(a)gmail.com 2182 Birch Way george.sadowsky(a)attglobal.net Woodstock, VT 05091-8155 http://www.georgesadowsky.org/ tel: +1._802_.457.3370 GSM mobile: +1._202_.415.1933 Voice mail & fax: +1._203_.547.6020 Grand Central: +1._202_.370.7734 SKYPE: sadowsky ____________________________________________________________ You received this message as a subscriber on the list: governance(a)lists.cpsr.org To be removed from the list, send any message to: governance-unsubscribe(a)lists.cpsr.org For all list information and functions, see: http://lists.cpsr.org/lists/info/governance

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Day 4 of 10:- IG Discussions, Internet Security.
by John Walubengo 22 Aug '08

22 Aug '08

Morning all, Looks like very little response on yesterday's topic...where's Waudo formerly WGIG member? Nway, today's IG theme is the one with the most consensus across all stakeholders. The fact that the internet is becoming a place to place to work, live, pray or play is widely acknowledged and hence the consensus on the need to protect it. The global and borderless nature of the Internet means that a secure internet needs a concerted global effort as earlier mentioned by Brian. A very secure US-territoial Internet is of no use if for example the Africa-territorial Internet is insecure since phising attacks, viruses, spam, eFrauds and other destabilizing conditions can be launched from there. Spam for example is known to constitute over 60% of email traffic on the Internet, which is a fairly significant chunk of Internet Bandwidth and Server Processing power going to waste. The main internet security debate that cross-cuts into legal/social baskets often centers around: I) How the Internet Protocol (IP) could be improved so as to trace-back the origin of the Spammers, eFraudsters, and other criminals. This may demand implementing IP tools that require all internet services (email, dns, web, etc) to be digitally signed - a feature that would come with some overheads (Mich could again assist here on which overheads these could be) II) The Jurisdiction and Arbitration of eCriminals e.g. How would one resolve a case where a Kenyan ISP is hosting an eCommerce site that sells content that is declared illegal in Germany (e.g Hitler's paraphanallia). Can/Should the Germans shut down the Kenyan business site? III) The delicate balance between pursing security and respecting citizen rights. To what extent should governments go into private emails, phone-logs, etc, in order to safeguard national security? Or what should be the mandatory procedures required of Businesses to safeguard sensitive electronic data of citizens? Plse feel free to add, clarify, object or modify the above. More importantly think of what would be an E.African position on the issues. As usual, 1day on this theme. walu.

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Re: [kictanet] Day 9 of 10:-IGF Discussion, Socio-Cultural Issues
by mwende njiraini 21 Aug '08

21 Aug '08

Great! Is Google East Africa tracking the utilisation of http://www.google.co.tz? I believe the statistics would provide information on the demand for kiswahili on the internet. Kind regards Mwende Disclaimer: These comments are the author's own. On 8/21/08, Joseph Mucheru <jmucheru(a)google.com> wrote: > > Just for your information we just launched the http://www.google.co.tzdomain yesterday with Swahili as the default language. We are also hiring > Luganda experts and this is just the start. > > -- Joe Mucheru > +254722522135 > Google East Africa > Sent from my iPhone > > On Aug 21, 2008, at 8:36 AM, "mwende njiraini" <mwende.njiraini(a)gmail.com> > wrote: > > > > Morning! > > > > Today we move to the final topic of our discussions: Socio-cultural issues. > > > > > The internet is increasingly being utilized as a means to deliver essential > services including health (Telemedicine), education (e-learning) and > governance (e-government services). This has lead to concerns that many > may not take advantage of these developments due to socio-cultural issues > such as language and other cultural barriers. > > > > The English language continues to dominate the internet ( > http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats7.htm) however there are several > successful initiatives that have enabled the use of other languages. Indeed, > the Tunis agenda encouraged the realization of multilingualism leading to > discussions on domain name management, access to local content, and > protection of cultural diversity. > > > > Kiswahili was recently voted an official language by the African Union, and > there are already several initiatives that seek to introduce Kiswahili on > the internet. With appropriate policies and incentives the internet can > become a cultural platform specifically for the preservation of language. In > your view is the use of the internet an effective means of language and > cultural preservation? > > > > Again, you are encouraged to contribute to previous discussion threads. > > > > Kind regards > > Mwende > > > > > > > > Disclaimer: These comments are the author's own > > _______________________________________________ > kictanet mailing list > kictanet(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke > http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet > > This message was sent to: mucheru(a)google.com > Unsubscribe or change your options at > http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/mucheru%40google.com > > >

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Unified license takes effect in Kenya]
by alice 21 Aug '08

21 Aug '08

Apologies for breaking the "rhythm" but this has IG implications as well :-) best alice Unified license takes effect in Kenya By Rebecca Wanjiku , IDG News Service , 08/20/2008 The much awaited unified license has taken effect in Kenya after the Ministry of Information and Communication issued new policy guidelines aimed at streamlining license requirements and attracting more investors. The guidelines, revealed in this week's Kenya Gazette notice, drop the multiple licensing regime where services were grouped on the basis of technology. ISPs (Internet service providers), for instance, were formerly required to obtain a separate license to offer VoIP (voice over Internet Protocol). Don't Miss! Read the latest WhitePaper - The Rise of USB in the Data CenterUnder the new license regime, operators and service providers will be licensed under three broad market segments: network facilities providers, application service providers and content service providers. The modified licenses will retain the original terms to give operators time to transfer to the new regime. Network facility providers will own communication infrastructure based on either satellite, terrestrial, mobile or fixed lines. There are three tiers of providers under this category: fixed line network operators; data carrier network operators; and network facilities providers, including local loop providers, international gateway operators and companies providing fiber optic cable landing facilities. Content service provider licensees will provide information and data processing services and include premium rate and credit card validation service providers The unified license policy guidelines were developed after complaints by industry players that the Communications Commission of Kenya required too many licenses and was not taking into consideration issues of convergence in the ICT sector. The guidelines stipulate that the CCK will regulate the adoption of the new licenses and the smooth transition of companies that may hold more than one license. http://www.networkworld.com/news/2008/082008-unified-license-takes- <http://www.networkworld.com/news/2008/082008-unified-license-takes-> effect-in.html __._,_.___ __,_._,___

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Day 9 of 10:-IGF Discussion, Socio-Cultural Issues
by mwende njiraini 21 Aug '08

21 Aug '08

Morning! Today we move to the final topic of our discussions: Socio-cultural issues. The internet is increasingly being utilized as a means to deliver essential services including health (Telemedicine), education (e-learning) and governance (e-government services). This has lead to concerns that many may not take advantage of these developments due to socio-cultural issues such as language and other cultural barriers. The English language continues to dominate the internet ( http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats7.htm) however there are several successful initiatives that have enabled the use of other languages. Indeed, the Tunis agenda encouraged the realization of multilingualism leading to discussions on domain name management, access to local content, and protection of cultural diversity. Kiswahili was recently voted an official language by the African Union, and there are already several initiatives that seek to introduce Kiswahili on the internet. With appropriate policies and incentives the internet can become a cultural platform specifically for the preservation of language. In your view is the use of the internet an effective means of language and cultural preservation? Again, you are encouraged to contribute to previous discussion threads. Kind regards Mwende Disclaimer: These comments are the author's own

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Day 7 of 10:-IGF Discussion, Economic Issues
by mwende njiraini 21 Aug '08

21 Aug '08

Morning!! Thank you all for your contribution to various aspects of internet governance. Today we start our discussions on economic issues. The internet is increasingly playing a critical role in economic development specifically in facilitating international trade. The economic issues therefore basically relate to the framework that makes e-commerce possible. The participation of developing countries in e-commerce is limited by the lack the appropriate legislation, authentication technologies and electronic payment methods. The main limitation however is the lack of appropriate legislation that is essential in the protection of consumers in relation to confidentiality, misleading advertising and delivery of faulty products. In your view, who should be responsible for protection of the consumer in light of the fact that the national legislation may be faced with the limitation of jurisdiction? Given that mobile services are available to the majority, should developing countries concentrate their efforts in enabling m-commerce to overcome the challenges of e-commerce? What private sector initiatives are there in e-commerce particularly in e-Payments? Looking forward to hearing from you. Kind regards Mwende Disclaimer: These comments are the author's own

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Day 8 of 10:-IGF Discussion, Economic Issues
by mwende njiraini 21 Aug '08

21 Aug '08

Morning, Today we continue our discussions on economic issues. As the internet becomes critical to global trade, there is debate as to whether governments should expand their tax base to include internet transactions. Internationally there have been proposals for the introduction of e-taxation based on the "Ottawa principles" of destination and origin taxation. Under the destination principle supplies of goods and services are taxed in the jurisdiction in which the goods and services are consumed. This means that exports are zero-rated, while imports are taxed. On the other hand under the origin principle supplies are taxed according to their origin. This means that exports are taxed but imports are not taxed. In your view what principle should be adopted in relation to e-commerce for developing countries? Should the internet be a tax-free zone or have special taxation treatment? You are encouraged to contribute to previous discussion threads. Reference: 1. Internet Governance: Economic Issues Available at: http://textus.diplomacy.edu/textusbin/env/scripts/Pool/GetBin.asp?IDPool=62… August 2008] 2. Options for Taxing Imported Services. Available at: http://taxpolicy.ird.govt.nz/publications/files/html/gstimported/c4.html[Ac… August 2008] Disclaimer: These comments are the author's own

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[Fwd: [Apc.africa] Web designers in Africa]
by alice 20 Aug '08

20 Aug '08

Any takers? -------- Original Message -------- Subject: [Apc.africa] Web designers in Africa Date: Wed, 20 Aug 2008 14:22:36 +0200 From: Jennifer Radloff <jenny(a)apcwomen.org> Reply-To: APC Africa list <apc.africa(a)lists.apc.org> To: apc.africa(a)lists.apc.org CC: m.Ibrahim(a)ids.ac.uk Greetings everyone, I received an email below which you may be able to assist with. If so, please contact Maggie Ibrahim directly on email: m.Ibrahim(a)ids.ac.uk Best, Jenny ------------------ We need to create a new website for Climate Change Adaptation in Africa and we would like the site and designers to be from there. Could you recommend some designers you might have worked with and have delivered well. I would greatly appreciate it. Sincerely, Maggie Maggie Ibrahim Research Officer Climate Change Development Group Institute of Development Studies at the University of Sussex Brighton BN1 9RE E-mail: m.ibrahim(a)ids.ac.uk Tel: +44 (0)1273 915801 Fax: +44 (0)1273 621202/691647 Web: www.ids.ac.uk _______________________________________________ Apc.africa mailing list Apc.africa(a)lists.apc.org http://lists.apc.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/apc.africa

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Re: [kictanet] Join Jeffrey Sachs Now - Young Professionals and the Millennium Development Goals - Keynote Address, IYPS 2008 Virtual Summit
by Constance Georgina Khaendi Walyaro 20 Aug '08

20 Aug '08

Join the IYPS Virtual Summit for Jeffrey Sachs now http://www.ice.org.uk/lectures Jeffrey Sachs - Young Professionals and the Millennium Development Goals Keynote Address - IYPS 2008 Virtual Summit Prof Jeffrey Sachs, Special Advisor to United Nations Secretary-General, Director of the Earth Institute at Columbia University & Director of the UN Millennium Project will deliver a keynote address on the role of young professionals in achieving the MDGs by 2015. Prof Sachs will be presenting via videolink up. Wed 20 August, 8:45am for 9am start, through to 10am [GMT +1] IYPS 2008 Team 'building a better world' International Young Professionals Summit Aug 19 - 23 2008, Manchester ++++++++++++ +++++++++ +++++ Join the International Young Professionals Foundation http://www.iypf. org/membership. htm ++++++++++++ +++++++++ +++++ International Young Professionals Foundation Cameron Neil Chief Executive Officer 0402 072 452 cameronneil@ iypf.org www.iyps.org www.iypf.org Constance Georgina Khaendi Walyaro Director, Chair FWG constancewalyaro(a)iypf.org www.iyps.org www.iypf.org --- On Mon, 18/8/08, Constance Georgina Khaendi Walyaro <constance(a)youthaidscoalition.org> wrote: From: Constance Georgina Khaendi Walyaro <constance(a)youthaidscoalition.org> Subject: Re: [kictanet] IYPS 2008 Virtual Summit To: constance(a)youthaidscoalition.org Cc: "KICTAnet ICT Policy Discussions" <kictanet(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke> Date: Monday, 18 August, 2008, 4:30 PM Dear colleagues As of Tuesday 19th August, the 3rd International Young Professionals Summit is commencing in Manchester , UK . For the first time, through the sponsorship and support of the Institute of Civil Engineers (ICE), we are able to bring you a Virtual Summit to allow those who cannot be in Manchester to both listen in to and participate in some of the IYPS 2008 sessions. We are really excited about the possibilities of the technology to broaden participation and provide a wider learning experience for young professionals globally. Attached are the details for how to participate. There are really 3 key steps: 1. Download and install the software 2. Set up your computer 3. Go to www.ice.org. uk/lectures to see what events are on, and when, and then join each event from 15 minutes before the scheduled starting time! Read the attached document for further details. Note that there are 2 training sessions on Monday 18 August – details from the ICE link. We look forward to your participation! PS if you are any where around Manchester , you should check out www..iyps.org to see all the public events during the Summit that you can join as well. Cameron Neil & IYPS 2008 Team International Young Professionals Summit Aug 19 - 23 2008, Manchester ++++++++++++ +++++++++ +++++ Join the International Young Professionals Foundation http://www.iypf. org/membership. htm ++++++++++++ +++++++++ +++++ International Young Professionals Foundation Cameron Neil Chief Executive Officer 0402 072 452 cameronneil@ iypf.org www.iyps.org www.iypf.org Constance Georgina Khaendi Walyaro Director, Chair FWG constancewalyaro(a)iypf.org www.iyps.org www.iypf.org Kind regards, Connie Constance Georgina Khaendi Walyaro constance@youthaidscoalition .org Global Youth Coalition on HIV/AIDS [GYCA] TASK FORCE M +254 722 937102 T +254 020 2116338 F +44 87 1253 2410 www.youthaidscoalition.org Riverside Drive , Nairobi Kenya Citron Wood Foundation [CWF] President connie(a)citronwoodfoundation.org www.citronwoodfdnorg Oxfam IYP [OIYP] Action Partner www.iyp.oxfam.org International Young Professionals Foundation [IYPF] Director constancewalyaro(a)iypf.org www.iypf.org 'youth building a peaceful, equitable and sustainable world' OIYP …………..as long as poverty, injustice and gross inequality persist in our world, none of us can truly rest. Alleviating poverty is not an act of charity. It is an act of duty. Nelson Mandela The young leaders who gather for the second sitting of the Oxfam International Youth Parliament (OIYP) ......... come from every corner of the Globe and each of them has something unique to contribute. In their diversity they are united by common ideals. They are determined to work together to bring real change where it is needed most in the world. KOFI ANNAN, Former UN Secretary General Send instant messages to your online friends http://uk.messenger.yahoo.com

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Fwd: Reading into the FUTURE
by Bill Kagai 20 Aug '08

20 Aug '08

MediaCorp (c) Empowering Investors** On June 16th 2008 at 20.43, MediaCorp Stock Detectives wrote; - A new area of interest could be the *Railways* where the Government seems not happy with the Concessionaire. RVR has been asked to improve service but we read the Government looking for ways of getting itself out of the mess which is a good area to monitor. The *Government of Japan* has given a confirmed grant of *Kshs 20 Billion to modernise the port* which includes dredging to accommodate bigger vessels. *A package comprising the Railway and the Port could prove to be very lucrative if the Public Private Partnership framework is put in place.* Opportunity abounds here. Today, 20th August 2008, the Business Daily wrote; · The running of Kenya Railways may revert to the Kenya Ports Authority (KPA) as Kenya and Uganda start pondering alternative plans should the Rift Valley Railways (RVR) concession fail to achieve desired results. Under the proposal gaining currency in government circles, Kenya Railways would become a department or subsidiary of KPA. http://www.bdafrica.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=9462&Item…

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Re: [kictanet] IYPS 2008 Virtual Summit
by Constance Georgina Khaendi Walyaro 20 Aug '08

20 Aug '08

Dear colleagues As of Tuesday 19th August, the 3rd International Young Professionals Summit is commencing in Manchester, UK. For the first time, through the sponsorship and support of the Institute of Civil Engineers (ICE), we are able to bring you a Virtual Summit to allow those who cannot be in Manchester to both listen in to and participate in some of the IYPS 2008 sessions. We are really excited about the possibilities of the technology to broaden participation and provide a wider learning experience for young professionals globally. Attached are the details for how to participate. There are really 3 key steps: 1. Download and install the software 2. Set up your computer 3. Go to www.ice.org. uk/lectures to see what events are on, and when, and then join each event from 15 minutes before the scheduled starting time! Read the attached document for further details. Note that there are 2 training sessions on Monday 18 August – details from the ICE link. We look forward to your participation! PS if you are any where around Manchester, you should check out www..iyps.org to see all the public events during the Summit that you can join as well. Cameron Neil & IYPS 2008 Team International Young Professionals Summit Aug 19 - 23 2008, Manchester ++++++++++++ +++++++++ +++++ Join the International Young Professionals Foundation http://www.iypf. org/membership. htm ++++++++++++ +++++++++ +++++ International Young Professionals Foundation Cameron Neil Chief Executive Officer 0402 072 452 cameronneil@ iypf.org www.iyps.org www.iypf.org Constance Georgina Khaendi Walyaro Director, Chair FWG constancewalyaro(a)iypf.org www.iyps.org www.iypf.org Kind regards, Connie Constance Georgina Khaendi Walyaro constance@youthaidscoalition .org Global Youth Coalition on HIV/AIDS [GYCA] TASK FORCE M +254 722 937102 T +254 020 2116338 F +44 87 1253 2410 www.youthaidscoalition.org Riverside Drive , Nairobi Kenya Citron Wood Foundation [CWF] President connie(a)citronwoodfoundation.org www.citronwoodfdnorg Oxfam IYP [OIYP] Action Partner www.iyp.oxfam.org International Young Professionals Foundation [IYPF] Director constancewalyaro(a)iypf.org www.iypf.org 'youth building a peaceful, equitable and sustainable world' OIYP …………..as long as poverty, injustice and gross inequality persist in our world, none of us can truly rest. Alleviating poverty is not an act of charity. It is an act of duty. Nelson Mandela The young leaders who gather for the second sitting of the Oxfam International Youth Parliament (OIYP) ......... come from every corner of the Globe and each of them has something unique to contribute. In their diversity they are united by common ideals. They are determined to work together to bring real change where it is needed most in the world. KOFI ANNAN, Former UN Secretary General Send instant messages to your online friends http://uk.messenger.yahoo.com

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Day 7 of 10:-IGF Discussion, Economic Issues
by Alex Gakuru 19 Aug '08

19 Aug '08

/FYI --- On Tue, 8/19/08, Alex Gakuru <gakuru(a)gmail.com> wrote: > From: Alex Gakuru <gakuru(a)gmail.com> > Subject: Fwd: [ke-internetusers] Internet Governance Forum(IGF) Discussion, Economic Issues > To: alex.gakuru(a)yahoo.com > Date: Tuesday, August 19, 2008, 1:19 AM > ---------- Forwarded message ---------- > From: Crystal Watley Foshee > <crystal(a)voicesofafrica.org> > Date: Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 10:36 AM > Subject: Re: [ke-internetusers] Internet Governance > Forum(IGF) > Discussion, Economic Issues > To: Alex Gakuru <gakuru(a)gmail.com> > > > Alex, > > I have just a few words on e-commerce and online > government. First, > e-commerce. The laws and licensing are important to > internet > consumers, but not more so than the other import/ export > laws > governing the country. When I think of the consumers in > this case I > would like to think of those who would consume if they had > the > opportunity. In many villages there are income generation > projects > that would benefit from being able to market their wares on > the global > stage. The issue is access. > > This takes me to the second point of e-government. First, > the reality > on the ground is that it is almost impossible to get a list > of the > NGOs and CBOs working in various locations of the country > from the > government offices. This is because they have one computer > and no one > on staff who knows how to use it. This is the computer > literacy within > the lower branches of the government. So who is the > e-government > targeting? Is it the wananachi? In the States I used > e-government to > do everything. Rarely did I visit government offices. Here > it is the > only available option and it takes days, weeks, or months > to get any > information. > > What we are doing now on the ground is getting into > communities and > assessing their information needs. The biggest problem we > are facing > is lack of consumer access. People lack the funds to be > able to access > the computers, the training, and even more so the internet, > when and > where it is available. Voices of Africa has become a legal > NGO and we > are building our research capacity. Something at that EAC > Harmonization conference struck me. 90% of all internet > users are in > Mombasa and Nairobi, right? I have spent much time writing > and > studying the rural areas, but it dawned on me that the > people who > should have high rates of access in these areas have almost > none. Thus > I am in Likoni, a 'slum' of Mombasa directly across > from the port. I > am doing a needs assessment to compare to Western province. > Here in > Likoni there is no cybercafe. Few of the organizations have > internet > access and none of them offer it to the community. > > We both know the power of information. These people have > such limited > access, yet somehow most of the bandwidth is being pulled > here. So I > thought it would be interesting in light of the submarine > cables > coming DIRECTLY into the beach to do a needs assessment > before and > after and see what kind of equipment we can use to prepare > the > community. It will make a nice case study. > > To plainly answer your question there are many who would be > consumers > if they had access. When we are talking about consumers > needs a > priority should be placed on the potential for increasing > the demand > for internet and other ICT services. In Kenya we need to > invest in > using ICT to raise the standards of living so the consumers > have more > ability to consume. (Please remember that for most in Kenya > that may > mean extra skuma for the kids.) > > The Likoni survey is attached. Results to follow next > month. > > Many blessings, > > Crystal > > On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 1:09 AM, Alex Gakuru > <gakuru(a)gmail.com> wrote: > > > > Greetings, > > > > Simultaneous Internet Governance discussions are > taking place in > > Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda and Burundi inline > with one EA > > Community. Later, an EA IG Forum will be held in one > of the countries > > to articulate priority Internet Governance issues for > the community. > > This will be the position presented at the 3rd United > Nations > > Internet Governance Forum (IGF) to be held in > Hyderabad, India from > > 3-6 December 2008 at the Hyderabad international > Convention Center > > (HICC). (see venue picture here: > > > <http://ipjustice.org/wp/campaigns/igf/igf-2008-hyderabad/>) > > > > An ongoing IGF discussion on kictanet mailing list > mentions you - the > > consumer and in adding your voice onto the > conversation, could I > > request that you raise pressing issues whether > mentioned on Mwende's > > below email or not. > > > > Yes, we have always known too well that official > consumer protection > > failed a long time ago. Consumer empowerment to > face-off aggressive > > and evasive service providers, ever re-inventing > "new" services > > mostly costing an arm and a leg, is what we need and > ICT knowledge is > > the starting point - therefore, recognise CCK's > sharing new Consumer > > Eduction Programs we were invited to a few months ago. > > > > But in view of the backlog of unattended issues, what > else needs to be > > done for the consumer to assert their voice in the ICT > marketplace? > > > > You may opt to raise them online or send me an > off-list message. I > > could frame the issue in the IGF context in our > response to today's > > topic. > > > > View this is an opportunity for your opinion - the > consumer - to reach > > the highest levels at the United Nations;) > > > > Regards, > > > > > > Alex > > > > --- On Mon, 8/18/08, mwende njiraini > <mwende.njiraini(a)gmail.com> wrote: > > > > > From: mwende njiraini > <mwende.njiraini(a)gmail.com> > > > Subject: [kictanet] Day 7 of 10:-IGF Discussion, > Economic Issues > > > To: alex.gakuru(a)yahoo.com > > > Cc: "KICTAnet ICT Policy Discussions" > <kictanet(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke> > > > Date: Monday, August 18, 2008, 10:21 PM > > > Morning!! > > > > > > Thank you all for your contribution to various > aspects of > > > internet > > > governance. Today we start our discussions on > economic > > > issues. The > > > internet is increasingly playing a critical role > in > > > economic development > > > specifically in facilitating international trade. > > > > > > > > > > > > The economic issues therefore basically relate to > the > > > framework that makes > > > e-commerce possible. The participation of > developing > > > countries in e-commerce > > > is limited by the lack the appropriate > legislation, > > > authentication > > > technologies and electronic payment methods. The > main > > > limitation however is > > > the lack of appropriate legislation that is > essential in > > > the protection of > > > consumers in relation to confidentiality, > misleading > > > advertising and > > > delivery of faulty products. > > > > > > > > > In your view, who should be responsible for > protection of > > > the consumer in > > > light of the fact that the national legislation > may be > > > faced with the > > > limitation of jurisdiction? Given that mobile > services are > > > available to the > > > majority, should developing countries concentrate > their > > > efforts in enabling > > > m-commerce to overcome the challenges of > e-commerce? What > > > private sector > > > initiatives are there in e-commerce particularly > in > > > e-Payments? > > > > > > Looking forward to hearing from you. > > > > > > Kind regards > > > Mwende > > > > > > > > > > > > Disclaimer: These comments are the author's > own > > > _______________________________________________ > > > kictanet mailing list > > > kictanet(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke > > > > http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet > > > > > > This message was sent to: alex.gakuru(a)yahoo.com > > > Unsubscribe or change your options at > > > > http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/alex.gakuru%40yahoo.com > > _______________________________________________ > > ke-internetusers mailing list > > ke-internetusers(a)bdix.net > > http://www.bdix.net/mailman/listinfo/ke-internetusers > > > > -- > Crystal "Naliaka" Watley > Voices of Africa > Mbambe Rural Resource Management Programme > crystal(a)voicesofafrica.org > http://www.voicesofafrica.org/ > http://www.mbamberuralresources.org/ > > "You must be the change you wish to see" - Gandhi

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