- KICTANet - KICTANet

Intellectual Property (IP), Copyrights, Infringement, Access to Knowledge
by Alex Gakuru 29 Oct '07

29 Oct '07

Dear All, I have an assignment that will definitely strengthen the consumer but for that to happen much sooner,better, and a lot easier I need your help. A practical example: Cyber cafes around town infringing on Microsoft Windows 2000 have less than 1-month to purchase XP or Vista else they will be arraigned in court by the company and/or its agents. Anyone who wants to purchase "licences" for the Windows 2000 cannot do so because Microsoft says they no longer support that product. This means that one has to upgrade to Vista, quite an unpopular product according to this study: http://www.windowsvistaweblog.com/2007/09/22/2-percent-of-companies-upgrade… Meagre revenue generating Cyber cafe are expected to spend more 15 million in new hardware to support vista in addition to Microsoft software licenses else they face legal action. Fortunately, Free and Open Source Software run very fast on old computers. (Mine is 533 MHz! and it runs great) In total, Kenya has about 700,000 computers most running on whatever windows and it is also said that the level of infringement is 85% (see below). If every computer were to run on "licensed" windows, them the capital flight from Kenya would be 700,000(PCs) x 17, 000 (windowsXP) = Kshs 11,900,000,000 (approx.20 billion). Add Shs 17.5 billion for Microsoft Office retailing at Kshs 25,000 per copy making a total of shillings 29.4 billion (about the amount Finance Ministry hopes to get from sale of Safaricom shares?) Free and Open Source Software has free OpenOffice and hundred of thousands of other free software... ------------------------------------------------------------- Country GDP/cap (US$) PCs('000) Piracy ------------------------------------------------------------- Kenya 1,200 700 81% S.Africa 13,300 3,100 35% USA 44,000 200,000 21% Malawi 600 60 85% ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Source: Speaker at Commonwealth Telecommunications Organisation's "Connecting Rural Communities-Africa Forum" at Nairobi. (I prefer use of "license infringement" as opposed to pre-condemning "piracy") In order to assist me in addressing this consumer and development and related issues, please fill and send back the attached questionnaire.For more info see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Access_to_Knowledge_movement. I have attached the questionnaire in two of various "save as" formats OpenOffice Word Processor offers ( Microsoft Word".doc" and OpenOffice .odt). Please fill and return ASAP to help me make a more informed Rapid Assessment Study. asante. Alex __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com

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ITU and Microsoft launch online platform to track ICT development
by Rebecca Wanjiku 29 Oct '07

29 Oct '07

ITU and Microsoft launch online platform to track ICT development Support for ICT infrastructure and capacity building pledged at Connect Africa Summit Issued jointly by ITU and Microsoft Kigali, Rwanda, 29 October 2007 - ITU Global View, a virtual earth-based online platform to track and help accelerate the implementation of the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS) goals in Africa was launched today on the opening day of the Connect Africa Summit. Governments, along with industry, development banks and international organizations are gathered in Kigali to mobilize the human, financial and technical resources required to expand the development of ICT infrastructure and ensure it is used effectively in pursuit of the WSIS development goals for Africa. For full text see: http://www.itu.int/newsroom/press_releases/2007/32.html __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com

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Fwd: [Fibre-for-africa] Statement from CS meeting on African Connectivity Kigali Oct 2007
by Eric Osiakwan 29 Oct '07

29 Oct '07

fyi Begin forwarded message: > From: "Anriette Esterhuysen" <anriette(a)apc.org> > Date: 29 October 2007 16:44:29 GMT+03:00 > To: aPC-forum(a)lists.apc.org > Cc: fibre-for-africa(a)lists.apc.org, apc.africa(a)lists.apc.org > Subject: [Fibre-for-africa] Statement from CS meeting on African > Connectivity Kigali Oct 2007 > Reply-To: anriette(a)apc.org, APC - Private list for use by EASSY > Workshop Participants <fibre-for-africa(a)lists.apc.org> > > Hallo all > > For all your information. > > Attached is a statement developed by APC and > partners (CIPESA, AfrISPA, KictaNet, OSIWA, > and RERN) held in Kigali, Rwanda on 28 > October 2007 prior to the Connect Africa > Summit convened by the ITU on 29 and 30 > October. Please address queries to Abi Jagun > (abi(a)apc.org) and Coura Fall > (coura(a)apc.org) > > Anriette > > PS- APC members and partners and friends in > Kigali please note we are meeting for dinner at > Hotel Chez Lando at 19h30 today, 29 October > 2007. > > > ------------------------------------------------------ > Anriette Esterhuysen, Executive Director > Association for Progressive Communications > anriette(a)apc.org > http://www.apc.org > PO Box 29755, Melville, South Africa. 2109 > Tel. 27 11 726 1692 > Fax 27 11 726 1692 > > The following section of this message contains a file attachment > prepared for transmission using the Internet MIME message format. > If you are using Pegasus Mail, or any other MIME-compliant system, > you should be able to save it or view it from within your mailer. > If you cannot, please ask your system administrator for assistance. > > ---- File information ----------- > File: Kigali_mtng_recom291007.pdf > Date: 29 Oct 2007, 15:43 > Size: 56319 bytes. > Type: Unknown_______________________________________________ > Fibre-for-africa mailing list > Fibre-for-africa(a)lists.apc.org > http://lists.apc.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/fibre-for-africa Eric M.K Osiakwan Executive Secretary AfrISPA (www.afrispa.org) Tel: + 233.21.258800 ext 2031 Fax: + 233.21.258811 Cell: + 233.244.386792 Handle: eosiakwan Snail Mail: Pmb 208, Accra-North Office: BusyInternet - 42 Ring Road Central, Accra-North Blog: http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/eric/ Slang: "Tomorrow Now"

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Fwd: (KAZI-AFRICA) THE APPRENTICE!!!- Africa!!
by Michael Kipsang Bullut 27 Oct '07

27 Oct '07

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GET YOUR HANDS OFF THE WEB
by Alex Gakuru 27 Oct '07

27 Oct '07

Others say.. GET YOUR HANDS OFF THE WEB [SOURCE: BusinessWeek, AUTHOR: Stephen H. Wildstrom] [Comentary] The behavior of the top telecommunications companies, especially Verizon Communications and AT&T, has convinced me that more government involvement is needed to keep communications free of corporate interference. There's a certain irony here. The carriers warn that without premiums to pay for advanced services, the U.S. risks falling behind other nations in broadband. But the U.S. is already losing ground to the rest of the industrialized world in broadband speed and percentage of homes served. Last year the U.S. fell from 12th to 15th in broadband penetration among 29 countries ranked by the Organization for Economic Cooperation & Development. Most of those nations are enthusiastic regulators. The hands-off approach hasn't served consumers well. And the Web is far too important to entrust the free flow of information to the shifting whims of a few big companies. Government must step in and tell them to leave our content alone. http://www.businessweek.com/technology/content/oct2007/tc20071024_623695.ht… ---------------------------------------------------------- WWWhatsup NYC http://pinstand.com - http://punkcast.com ---------------------------------------------------------- __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com

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Re: [kictanet] [Fibre-for-africa] RE: The tables are turned
by Eric Osiakwan 26 Oct '07

26 Oct '07

Dear Peter, I also think this should be abitration after the two parties did not agree between themselves but one of them prefered to take it to the regulator whether rightly or wrongly but thats their choice. The regulator can then ask them to go abitrate. In Ghana when a similar situation happened between GT and IGH, the issue went up the regulator and the regulator said, thier next line of call after they could not agree was to abitrate and if abitration does not work then they come to the regualtor and if the decision of the regulator does not work then the courts comes in. Our regulations provide for such progression but i dont know about yours, may be Alex G. can again come to my rescue. Your last issue boaders on dominate market share, now as far as i know Kenya does not have competition regulation but ideally that should take care of such growths in the market as it is in the EU. Am just reading a story of Microsft surcumbing to that regulation in the EU. Eric here On 23 Oct 2007, at 12:49, Peter Othino wrote: > Hi Eric, > > I do agree Michael Joseph and the situation should be arbitration > and not a > regulator handling commercial differences in the field. > > Looking at it on the reverse, the current Telkom Operation on their > CDMA > platform they are no different from a GSM provider yet I believe the > licensing conditions were different this to me has no direct > commercials but > a regulatory aspect but I do not remember it being handled despite > concerns > raised. I do not believe that parties need to complain for > regulation to be > effected as that would kill the whole concept and drive about self > regulation that is the ultimate desired position. > > Yet again if a provider gets powerful for it is position in the > market I > believe it is part of the Matrix as this comes either as tangible or > intangible value adds above the rest associated with the service > delivered. > > Thanks, > > Peter Othino > > > -----Original Message----- > From: Timothy Kasonde KASOLO [mailto:timothy@africonnect.co.zm] > Sent: Tuesday, October 23, 2007 12:08 PM > To: eadera(a)idrc.or.ke; APC - Private list for use by EASSY Workshop > Participants > Cc: APC - Private list for use by EASSY Workshop Participants; > KICTAnet ICT > Policy Discussions > Subject: RE: [Fibre-for-africa] RE: [kictanet] The tables are turned > > Hello, > I think the media needs to be balancing the articles .... > > Timothy > >> Michael, >> >> It would help to hear your side of the story so we can all be >> informed. >> >> We unfortunately do not have other sources of information at this >> point >> other than the media. >> >> Looking forward, >> >> Edith >> >> -original message- >> Subject: [Fibre-for-africa] RE: [kictanet] The tables are turned >> From: "Michael Joseph" <MJoseph(a)Safaricom.co.ke> >> Date: 23/10/2007 10:53 am >> >> What you have not mentioned whether the complaint had any merit and >> whether the Parties could not have resolved it between themselves >> rather >> than relying on the CCK to mediate every commercial dispute. There is >> much more to this than just the one-sided view quoted by the media >> but >> we have chosen not to try to resolve our disputes through the media. >> >> >> >> Regards >> >> >> >> Michael >> >> >> >> CEO >> >> Safaricom Limited >> >> >> >> ________________________________ >> >> From: kictanet-bounces+mjoseph=safaricom.co.ke(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke >> [mailto:kictanet-bounces >> +mjoseph=safaricom.co.ke(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke] >> On Behalf Of Eric Osiakwan >> Sent: Sunday, October 21, 2007 12:27 AM >> To: Michael Joseph >> Cc: APC - Private list for use by EASSY Workshop Participants; >> KICTAnet >> ICT Policy Discussions >> Subject: [kictanet] The tables are turned >> >> >> >> Dear All, >> >> >> >> We are really living in interesting times especially in the ICT >> industry >> because a few years ago, it was the mobile operators and ISPs who >> would >> be knocking on the doors of the regulator complaining and sometimes >> weeping at the anti-competitive practices of the imcumbent PTT >> towards >> them. >> >> >> >> Today the tables have turned and in Kenya as per the story below, >> Telkom >> Kenya is rather asking CCK to put Safaricom in check because they are >> acting anti-competitively on the SMS platform against their CDMA >> operation. Five years ago, this would have being an "incorrect >> prophesy" >> but it has happen sooner than all would have expected. >> >> >> >> What is more interesting is the fact that Safaricom is 60% owned by >> Telkom Kenya which is fully owned by government that means that the >> mobile operators have become so powerful that the combined years >> of PTT >> operation and their political forces cannot turn the tables except >> the >> mediation of the regulator. This confirms Russell Southwood's recent >> story of the emergence of the mobile operators as the new >> incumbents of >> our time. >> >> >> >> May be one good thing is the fact that the mobile incumbents are so >> powerful that not a combiantion of PTT operation and political forces >> can impact them except the court of the regulator so the political >> leadership in some of our countries would now see reason to >> strengthen >> their regulators and make them independent enough to be the pivot to >> balance the weight of the mobile operators against their "cash cow" >> incumbents. >> >> >> >> Eric here >> >> >> >> >> >> Telkom Lodges SMS Petition Against Safaricom in Kenya >> >> In the fight for control of Kenya's lucrative telecoms industry, >> competition is becoming a useful weapon in the hands of rival firms >> -especially those that need to play the catch-up game to remain in >> the >> race. >> >> This market share war has become so intense that players are breaking >> all boundaries in the corporate rulebook. >> >> Five months ago, mobile phone service provider Celtel took its bigger >> and only rival Safaricom before the market regulator, accusing it of >> playing unfairly in the market to the disadvantage of the consumer. >> >> Now it is the national operator Telkom's turn to lodge a landmark >> complaint against its subsidiary -Safaricom. >> >> In its letter to Mr John Waweru, the Communications Commission of >> Kenya >> director general, Telkom Kenya is accusing Safaricom of practising >> anti-competitive behaviour in the market -especially in the Short >> Messages Services (SMS) segment of the business. >> >> Telkom says Safaricom has been blocking the exchange of SMSs >> between the >> two networks, thereby denying its customers access to key services >> that >> the national operator is offering such as the one that enables >> them to >> check their voter registration details with the Electoral >> Commission of >> Kenya (ECK). >> >> "Telkom Kenya is concerned that Safaricom is engaging in >> anti-competitive behaviour and in essence abusing its dominant market >> position by introducing barriers to new entrants targeting SMS market >> segment," Telkom says. >> >> Public attention was first drawn to the matter after some Safaricom >> subscribers complained that Safaricom was charging them for >> undelivered >> SMSs to Telkom Kenya's Wireless network. SMSs to Telkom network >> got an >> automatic reply indicating that delivery had failed yet the consumers >> were being billed. >> >> Safaricom CEO Michael Joseph acknowledged that some of its >> subscribers >> had sent messages to Telkom Kenya during the test period and may have >> been charged erroneously. >> >> He said that although the company was not billing SMSs to Telkom >> Wireless network between August 13 and August 27, some of its >> customers >> may have been billed. Safaricom later agreed to refund the affected >> subscribers. >> >> Telkom says that on August 16, the two interconnectivity negotiating >> parties met and agreed on interconnection rate and a technical >> testing >> schedule. >> >> During this period the parties also exchanged SMS test templates >> to be >> adopted in the tests. Safaricom has however not cooperated in >> facilitating the process, making it unable to commercialise the >> service. >> >> The matter seems to have reached fever pitch after Safaricom >> introduced >> a voter registry query service similar to the one Telkom Kenya had >> rolled out after it won an ECK tender. >> >> Telkom Kenya is complaining that failure by Safaricom to activate the >> SMS service is affecting its ability to use an innovative platform >> that >> delivers voter registry query services by utilizing the 460 >> numeric to >> access the ECK database. >> >> Telkom Kenya says Safaricom acted maliciously in delaying to activate >> the SMS service only to launch a similar service. >> >> "We are perturbed that Safaricom, having not been involved in the >> initial tender process is currently able to provide a similar >> services >> using the 460 prefix. This is a totally unacceptable anti-competitive >> behaviour," Telkom says. >> >> Mr Joseph declined to comment on the matter saying it was already >> before >> an arbiter. >> >> Telkom Kenya is the majority shareholder at Safaricom with a 60 >> per cent >> stake. It co-owns the company with the United Kingdom's Vodafone Plc >> which has a 40 per cent stake in the firm. >> (Source: Business Daily) >> >> >> >> >> >> Eric M.K Osiakwan >> >> Executive Secretary >> >> AfrISPA (www.afrispa.org) >> >> Tel: + 233.21.258800 ext 2031 >> >> Fax: + 233.21.258811 >> >> Cell: + 233.244.386792 >> >> Handle: eosiakwan >> >> Snail Mail: Pmb 208, Accra-North >> >> Office: BusyInternet - 42 Ring Road Central, Accra-North >> >> Blog: http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/eric/ >> >> Slang: "Tomorrow Now" >> >> >> >> >> >> >> >> >> >> >> >> >> The information in this email and any attachments is confidential >> and may >> be legally privileged. It is intended only for the use of the named >> addressee. >> Emails are susceptible to alteration and their integrity cannot be >> guaranteed. Safaricom Limited does not accept legal responsibility >> for the >> contents of this email if the same is found to have been altered or >> manipulated. >> The contents and opinions expressed in this email are solely those >> of the >> author and do not necessarily represent those of Safaricom Limited. >> Safaricom Limited disclaims any liability to the fullest extent >> permissible by law for any consequences that may arise from the >> contents >> of this email including but not limited to personal opinions, >> malicious >> and/or defamatory information and data/codes that may compromise >> or damage >> the integrity of the recipient's information technology systems. >> If you are not the intended recipient please notify the sender and >> immediately delete this email from your system. >> >> >> _______________________________________________ >> Fibre-for-africa mailing list >> Fibre-for-africa(a)lists.apc.org >> http://lists.apc.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/fibre-for-africa >> >> >> >> -- >> This message has been scanned for viruses and >> dangerous content by MailScanner, and is >> believed to be clean. >> >> _______________________________________________ >> Fibre-for-africa mailing list >> Fibre-for-africa(a)lists.apc.org >> http://lists.apc.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/fibre-for-africa >> >> > > > Timothy Kasonde Kasolo, > Africonnect > NETWORK SUPPORT ENGINEER, > Plot 59, Great East Road, > Lusaka. > Phone: Lusaka +260-1-232005 > Mobile:+260-97-893922. > E-mail: timothy(a)africonnect.co.zm > www.africonnect.co.zm > www.iconnect.co.zm > > _______________________________________________ > Fibre-for-africa mailing list > Fibre-for-africa(a)lists.apc.org > http://lists.apc.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/fibre-for-africa > > > _______________________________________________ > Fibre-for-africa mailing list > Fibre-for-africa(a)lists.apc.org > http://lists.apc.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/fibre-for-africa > Eric M.K Osiakwan Executive Secretary AfrISPA (www.afrispa.org) Tel: + 233.21.258800 ext 2031 Fax: + 233.21.258811 Cell: + 233.244.386792 Handle: eosiakwan Snail Mail: Pmb 208, Accra-North Office: BusyInternet - 42 Ring Road Central, Accra-North Blog: http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/eric/ Slang: "Tomorrow Now"

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History Comes Un-noticed
by Bill Kagai 25 Oct '07

25 Oct '07

http://www.bdafrica.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=3880&Item… Transferring money via mobile fone was not developed at MIT but right here in Africa...and the service is now rolling beyond Africa. Kudos to the pioneers making life this simple for us. Mobile firms set to transfer cash abroad Written by Okuttah Mark *October 25, 2007:* Mobile phone operators in Africa have entered into a partnership agreement with Western Union to facilitate electronic transfer of money transfer across the national borders by mid next year. The partnership paves the way for the development of a commercial and technical framework to be used by mobile operators to facilitate high frequency money transfers using mobile phones. Initial roll-out of the service is expected to kick off in the second quarter of 2008. If successful, Kenya's two mobile operators Safaricom and Celtel will be able to expand their reach to Kenyans in the diaspora with the electronic money transfer services. Safaricom in partnership with Vodafone was the first to roll out mobile phone based electronic money transfer services that have proved to be a success especially among the un banked. Safaricom operates M-pesa while Celtel has Sokotele. Both networks are working on modalities of expanding their services beyond the national borders. Since its launch early this year, M-pesa has attracted 700,000 users and handled Sh3 billion worth of transactions. The new system combines key elements of both Western Union's electronic money transfer system and the GSMA's money transfer programme. Electronic services have transformed the money transfer services making it simple, quick and affordable for more users sending small amounts of money.

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[Fwd: [APC Forum] Research opportunity
by alice 24 Oct '07

24 Oct '07

Greetings All, The Association for Progressive Communications (APC) is a partner in the Harambee project - Reinforcing African Voices through Collaborative Processes along with Bellanet Africa, Bellanet International and UNECA (United Nations Commission for Africa). Harambee is a Swahili word for Lets work together. It is intended to signify the uniting of a community around a common goal. The overall goal of the initiative is to enhance capacity development in Africa around the use of knowledge and ICTs (Information and Communication Technologies) for collaboration, such that Africa-based organisations are better equipped to play a lead role in development dialogs and action affecting them. For more information on Harambee please visit http://www.harambeeafrica.net/ We are undertaking research under the Harambee banner and are looking for researchers for four (4) research projects. We are looking for experienced researchers who would take an action-oriented, participatory and inclusive approach and who understand networks and networking in Africa. We are wanting both English and French researchers. i.e. some research projects could be conducted in either French or English. Researchers will be contracted by APC and remunerated for their work. They would also need to attend a workshop in mid to late January possibly in South Africa in order to interview Harambee participants. All research should be completed by mid-March 2008. The topics include: 1. Gender issues in networks and differences in the way men and women engage in network activities 2. The status of the networking world in Africa, the issues and the opportunities. 3. Communication in African networks 4. Networking processes: opportunities and challenges for online interactions in African networks The research approach will include case studies and storytelling in order to evoke a deeper and more qualitative understanding of the four themes we are exploring. Harambee is about building on existing research and experiences in designing and implementing collaborative processes and technologies. So the methodology should include an understanding of existing experiences and uses of communication technologies. The research is a journey of discovery which is not about answers but rather what we can learn from the research. It should be participatory, inclusive and action oriented. A key part of the Harambee project are Focus Networks and recipients of the small grants fund who were selected to implement specific projects. We plan to include them in the research component to learn from their network experiences. This will happen at a knowledge sharing workshop to be hosted in late January 2008. Researchers are expected to be there to interview participants as part of the research process. Harambee has existing online spaces which could be used to communicate with the Focus Networks and small grants fund recipients. These include dGroups mailing list, a blog and a wiki. Although we would like to have a written paper (written in plain language) as one output of the research process, we are keen to also include outputs such as audio recordings of interviews, blog postings, resources posted to the Harambee website, photos, transcripts etc. We would like to see creative outputs to share easily with people via online and off line spaces. Should you want more information and if you are interested or know of researchers please email me offlist at jenny(a)apcwomen.org We would need examples of previous research. Warm Regards, Jenny Radloff ======

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CCK Tariff Comparison
by Alex Gakuru 24 Oct '07

24 Oct '07

[apologies to those on both lists for my cross-posting] The simple most common consumer question faced is, "who is the fairest among the telecommunication providers?" This is often hard to answer without appearing to "endorse" or "criticise" any one provider. Apparently, CCK website now has some spreadsheets which, if dated, simpler to understand(user-friendly) and regularly updated, would also enable independent third parties to publish current,real, and detailed comparative tariffs to assist consumers decide which provider offers best value for money. While appreciating and welcoming this development, we urge the Regulator to prioritise this data provision considering the impact communication costs have on consumers and business for continued health of the entire economy. Alex Gakuru ICAK PS: CCK comparison: http://www.cck.go.ke/tariff_comparison/ Wish-for style: "Internet Connectivity in Uganda-Easy Guide" http://www.isoc.or.ke/docs/Booklet%20Inet.pdf (Newest i-net Uganda edition available on request) Does the CCK have sufficiently compelling reasons to act fast and motivation to regularly update the data? If not, who can help us develop a similar guide regularly updated for Kenyan consumers? AG __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com

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[APC Forum] Call for dialogue: Regulatory frameworks for improving access
by alice 23 Oct '07

23 Oct '07

------------------------------------------------------------------------- Call for dialogue: Regulatory frameworks for improving access ------------------------------------------------------------------------- http://www.apc.org/english/news/index.shtml?x=5252920 What key actions could telecom and ICT regulators undertake to promote access to infrastructure at local, national and regional levels? Send dialogue comment for posting to dialogue(a)regulateonline.org “Regulatory Frameworks for Improving Access” – Workshop presented by APC, IDRC, and LIRNE.NET This dialogue is being undertaken in preparation for the “Regulatory Frameworks for Improving Access” workshop co-hosted by the Canadian International Development Research Centre (IDRC), the Learning Initiatives on Reforms for Network Economies (LIRNE.NET) and the Association for Progressive Communications (APC), at this year’s IGF. The workshop will explore the key regulatory issues and imperatives in promoting equitable deployment and affordable access to internet (communications) infrastructure at local, national, regional and global levels. Background Regulation is how policies are put into practice. However, experience has shown that there is not necessarily a trouble-free transition from the conceptual to the real world. For telecom (and other sectors) despite expectations of market solutions to improve infrastructure development and deployment, there are still substantial access gaps beyond the reach of the market, especially in rural areas. LIRNE.NET and APC invite internet and telecom practitioners, ICT policy and regulation experts, and other stakeholders to submit short (200-500 words) statements on what they identify as the key issues and important factors currently facing regulators concerned with access to infrastructure. Statements can focus on local, national or regional access and can also highlight solutions that have been already implemented to resolve existing issues and challenges. Comments which address the following are particularly welcomed: 1. Whose jurisdiction? The role of regulation in addressing the international gap - international backbone infrastructure deployment and interconnection. 2. Issues and/or challenges in regulating regional (cross-national) communications infrastructure. 3. Trade-off or complementary objectives? Regulating for infrastructure investment and/or regulating for equitable access. 4. Access at the local level – definition of universal access and mechanisms for attainment. Internet Governance Forum (IGF) The Internet Governance Forum (IGF), a medium for multi-stakeholder policy dialogue, was set up in 2006 as a direct response to the deliberations of the World Summit of the Information Society (WSIS). The forum was created to (amongst other things) discuss public policy issues related to key elements of Internet governance in order to foster the sustainability, robustness, security, stability and development of the Internet. The second meeting of the IGF will be held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil from 12 - 15 November 2007. Association for Progressive Communications http://www.apc.org LIRNE.NET http://www.lirne.net IDRC http://www.idrc.org

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