- KICTANet - KICTANet

Re: [kictanet] 06 - Re: Article on Kenya ICT Policy-publication version FOR YOU!
by warigia bowman 17 May '10

17 May '10

Hello Wamuyu Thank you for your helpful correction. I have noted this, and will make this correction in my forthcoming book manuscript. I can also write a letter to the editor if you would like. I would love to discuss the issue of Mpesa and kenswitch this summer. sincerely, Warigia On Wed, May 12, 2010 at 11:13 AM, Wamuyu Gatheru <wamuyulearn(a)yahoo.co.uk>wrote: > Waitlist reason: Wamuyu Gatheru (wamuyulearn(a)yahoo.co.uk) is not on your > Guest List <https://www.boxbe.com/approved-list> | Approve sender<https://www.boxbe.com/anno?tc=2747936268_117910331>| Approve > domain <https://www.boxbe.com/anno?tc=2747936268_117910331&dom> | [image: > Boxbe] <https://www.boxbe.com/overview> > > Wairigia, > I have just read your work (although I had heard of it). Your article is > well written and even entertaining. However, there is a significant error > on Process (pg 108) where you say "The 2004 decision of the Min of Info and > Comm to release to the public, and then solicit and incorporate public > comment into the Kenya ICT policy represents the first time that the Kenyan > govt has ever solicited comments on any policy in any sector." > > Since the 2001 PRSP process, participatory planning is the norm rather than > the exception. There is a draft GOK participatory policy. Some conclusive > participatory policy processes I can think of since 2002 include water, > public procurement, insurance and capital mkts. A 6 year highly > participatory and politically contentious land policy was recently passed. > Then we have Constitutional reform where we go to another referendum shortly > - that may change institutions and politics dramatically. > I was also wondering, but have no evidence, if Kenya gets more from > elements of policy than its neighbours (that may more than make up for > Kenya's comparative time lag in policy dev.). Kenya's Mpesa, Kenswitch (bank > interconnecitivity), news SMS service, electronic bill payments etc may be > unmatched in the region. > > regards, > Wamuyu > P/S The low universal access implementation, relative to our neighbours, is > significant food for thought > > ------------------------------ > *From:* warigia bowman <warigia(a)gmail.com> > *To:* wamuyulearn(a)yahoo.co.uk > *Cc:* KICTAnet ICT Policy Discussions <kictanet(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke> > *Sent:* Fri, 30 April, 2010 20:28:06 > *Subject:* [kictanet] Article on Kenya ICT Policy-publication version FOR > YOU! > > Dear colleagues > > Here is the article on Kenya's ICT policy which is going to press today. > The correct citation is > > Bowman, Warigia, "Governance, Technology and the Search for Modernity in > Kenya," *William and Mary Policy Review* 1 (April 2010): 87-116. > > Please CITE the article if you use it, or dispute it, or think about it in > your work. i tried to cite every article by everyone that was published in > idrcs books on this, READ THE ENDNOTES to find your name. > > *HIGHLIGHTS: footnote 4 *i say thank you to everyone i can fit. p. 110- > long discussion of kictanet and KIF. p. 97, rege and ndemo and okech are > great, p. 100 waema and getao, p. 102, the BEST PART mucheru fights back > against tuju, 103, *alice becomes CCK commissioner. * > * > * > i hope you like it, and if you have corrections or complaints, you can send > them to me offline as i prepare my book manuscript. > > Yours with DEEP gratitude to KIF and kictanet, Warigia > > -- > Dr. Warigia Bowman > Assistant Professor > The Department of Public Policy Leadership > The University of Mississippi > 107 Odom Hall > University, MS 38677 > > URL: http://www.olemiss.edu/depts/leadership/index.html > PHONE: 662-915-1904 > EMAIL: mwbowman(a)olemiss.edu > > > -- Dr. Warigia Bowman Assistant Professor The Department of Public Policy Leadership The University of Mississippi 107 Odom Hall University, MS 38677 URL: http://www.olemiss.edu/depts/leadership/index.html PHONE: 662-915-1904 EMAIL: mwbowman(a)olemiss.edu

1 0

Invitation to a Cybercrime against women meeting on 18th May 2010 University of Nairobi, Chiromo Campus.
by alice＠apc.org 17 May '10

17 May '10

Dear colleague Invitation to a Cybercrime against women meeting on 18th May 2010 University of Nairobi, Chiromo Campus. The Kenya ICT Action Network (KICTANet) is pleased to invite you to a lunch meeting to be held on 18th May from 12.00 to 14.30 at the University of Nairobi, Chiromo Campus to share and explore issues of cybercrime against women. Cybercrime against the person and in this case the woman is real and is rising. Unfortunately, all the efforts to understand the vice focus on the cyber crime against property and against governments. The only other notable effort against the person is against the child. While cyberspace have provided secure tools and spaces where women can enjoy their freedom of expression, information and privacy of communication, the same benefits of anonymity and privacy also extend to those who employ ICTs for criminal activities and use the internet to commit violence against women. The use of mobile phones and internet to stalk, abuse, traffic, intimidate and humiliate women is palpable in developing countries including Kenya. The lack of specific cybercrime/cyber security legislation makes it even more difficult to punish those who use ICTs tools to conduct violence against women. Kenya Communications (Amendment) Act 2009 focused on the cybercrime against property and not the person. Kenya is not alone but that is not a consolation. With increased use of internet in Kenya with the onset of broadband, it is necessary to create the necessary policy / regulatory and the operational framework to reign in the vice. KICTANET has launched a study on the vice whose research questions are: 1. What is the prevalence of cybercrime against women in terms of degree, level, quantity, and distribution? 2. How does cyber crime affect women differently? (Demonstrate spiral effect and determine if women are already intimidated by cyber space e.g. mailing lists, how active do women participate in debates? Is the design of the cyber already woman unfriendly?) 3. What are the current measures and gaps (technological, legal, social, and psychological) to address cyber crime against women (local, regional, and global)? Map the efforts (lessons of best practice). 4. What mechanisms are appropriate for addressing cyber crime against women? Programme Venue: University of Nairobi, Chiromo Campus Arziki restaurant Date: May 18th, 2010 1200-1215: Registration 1215-1230 Welcome and introductions Lunch served 1230- 1400: presentation of real life cyber crime case Short presentation on cyber crime Discussions 1400 - 1410 Way forward

4 3

Re: [kictanet] kictanet Digest, Vol 36, Issue 46
by Mandhi Sehmi 14 May '10

14 May '10

Regards, Mandhi @ the MOBILE OFFICE -----Original Message----- From: kictanet-request(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke Date: Fri, 14 May 2010 10:12:07 To: Mr. Singh<msehmi(a)kencall.com> Subject: kictanet Digest, Vol 36, Issue 46 Send kictanet mailing list submissions to kictanet(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke To subscribe or unsubscribe via the World Wide Web, visit http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet or, via email, send a message with subject or body 'help' to kictanet-request(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke You can reach the person managing the list at kictanet-owner(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific than "Re: Contents of kictanet digest..." Today's Topics: 1. Fwd: The African Century - Africa leads the way in mobile money (Matunda Nyanchama) 2. Women and Cybercrime Meeting on Tue 18 May (Catherine Adeya) 3. Re: Women and Cybercrime Meeting on Tue 18 May (waudo siganga) ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Message: 1 Date: Thu, 13 May 2010 06:27:39 -0700 (PDT) From: Matunda Nyanchama <mnyanchama(a)aganoconsulting.com> To: Kenya ICT Policy-Discussions <kictanet(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke> Cc: KICTAnet ICT Policy Discussions <kictanet(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke> Subject: [kictanet] Fwd: The African Century - Africa leads the way in mobile money Message-ID: <466851.76554.qm(a)web206.biz.mail.re2.yahoo.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" FYI The African Century - Africa leads the way in mobile money ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Matunda Nyanchama, mnyanchama(a)aganoconsulting.com Agano Consulting Inc.; www.aganoconsulting.com ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ?If you have an apple and I have an apple and we exchange these apples then you and I will still each have one apple. But if you have an idea and I have an idea and we exchange these ideas, then each of us will have two ideas.?- George Bernard Shaw ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- This e-mail, including attachments, may be privileged and may contain confidential or proprietary information intended only for the addressee(s). Any other distribution, copying, use, or disclosure is unauthorized and strictly prohibited. If you have received this message in error, please notify the sender immediately by reply e-mail and permanently delete the message, including any attachments, without making a copy. Thank you. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: <http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/pipermail/kictanet/attachments/20100513/7524463…> ------------------------------ Message: 2 Date: Thu, 13 May 2010 08:42:16 -0700 (PDT) From: Catherine Adeya <elizaslider(a)yahoo.com> To: KICTAnet ICT Policy Discussions <kictanet(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke> Cc: KICTAnet ICT Policy Discussions <kictanet(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke> Subject: [kictanet] Women and Cybercrime Meeting on Tue 18 May Message-ID: <846902.10219.qm(a)web33907.mail.mud.yahoo.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Dear All, This is just to remind you about the said meeting. Kindly confirm with Alice Munyua or I if you will be attending. Best, Nyaki ________________________________ From: "alice(a)apc.org" <alice(a)apc.org> To: elizaslider(a)yahoo.com Cc: KICTAnet ICT Policy Discussions <kictanet(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke> Sent: Mon, May 3, 2010 4:33:56 PM Subject: [kictanet] Invitation to a Cybercrime against women meeting on 18th May 2010 University of Nairobi, Chiromo Campus. Dear colleague Invitation to a Cybercrime against women meeting on 18th May 2010 University of Nairobi, Chiromo Campus. The Kenya ICT Action Network (KICTANet) is pleased to invite you to a lunch meeting to be held on 18th May from 12.00 to 14.30 at the University of Nairobi, Chiromo Campus to share and explore issues of cybercrime against women. Cybercrime against the person and in this case the woman is real and is rising. Unfortunately, all the efforts to understand the vice focus on the cyber crime against property and against governments. The only other notable effort against the person is against the child. While cyberspace have provided secure tools and spaces where women can enjoy their freedom of expression, information and privacy of communication, the same benefits of anonymity and privacy also extend to those who employ ICTs for criminal activities and use the internet to commit violence against women. The use of mobile phones and internet to stalk, abuse, traffic, intimidate and humiliate women is palpable in developing countries including Kenya. The lack of specific cybercrime/cyber security legislation makes it even more difficult to punish those who use ICTs tools to conduct violence against women. Kenya Communications (Amendment) Act 2009 focused on the cybercrime against property and not the person. Kenya is not alone but that is not a consolation. With increased use of internet in Kenya with the onset of broadband, it is necessary to create the necessary policy / regulatory and the operational framework to reign in the vice. KICTANET has launched a study on the vice whose research questions are: 1. What is the prevalence of cybercrime against women in terms of degree, level, quantity, and distribution? 2. How does cyber crime affect women differently? (Demonstrate spiral effect and determine if women are already intimidated by cyber space e.g. mailing lists, how active do women participate in debates? Is the design of the cyber already woman unfriendly?) 3. What are the current measures and gaps (technological, legal, social, and psychological) to address cyber crime against women (local, regional, and global)? Map the efforts (lessons of best practice). 4. What mechanisms are appropriate for addressing cyber crime against women? Programme Venue: University of Nairobi, Chiromo Campus Arziki restaurant Date: May 18th, 2010 1200-1215: Registration 1215-1230 Welcome and introductions Lunch served 1230- 1400: presentation of real life cyber crime case Short presentation on cyber crime Discussions 1400 - 1410 Way forward ___ -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: <http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/pipermail/kictanet/attachments/20100513/aed2575…> ------------------------------ Message: 3 Date: Fri, 14 May 2010 10:19:29 +0300 From: "waudo siganga" <emailsignet(a)mailcan.com> To: "Catherine Adeya" <elizaslider(a)yahoo.com> Cc: KICTAnet ICT Policy Discussions <kictanet(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke> Subject: Re: [kictanet] Women and Cybercrime Meeting on Tue 18 May Message-ID: <1273821569.25683.1375026895(a)webmail.messagingengine.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" I will send Terry Kinyanjui and Doris Ofisi as I will be out of town. Kind Regards, Waudo On Thu, 13 May 2010 08:42 -0700, "Catherine Adeya" <elizaslider(a)yahoo.com> wrote: Dear All, This is just to remind you about the said meeting. Kindly confirm with Alice Munyua or I if you will be attending. Best, Nyaki ____________________________________________________________ From: "alice(a)apc.org" <alice(a)apc.org> To: elizaslider(a)yahoo.com Cc: KICTAnet ICT Policy Discussions <kictanet(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke> Sent: Mon, May 3, 2010 4:33:56 PM Subject: [kictanet] Invitation to a Cybercrime against women meeting on 18th May 2010 University of Nairobi, Chiromo Campus. Dear colleague Invitation to a Cybercrime against women meeting on 18th May 2010 University of Nairobi, Chiromo Campus. The Kenya ICT Action Network (KICTANet) is pleased to invite you to a lunch meeting to be held on 18th May from 12.00 to 14.30 at the University of Nairobi, Chiromo Campus to share and explore issues of cybercrime against women. Cybercrime against the person and in this case the woman is real and is rising. Unfortunately, all the efforts to understand the vice focus on the cyber crime against property and against governments. The only other notable effort against the person is against the child. While cyberspace have provided secure tools and spaces where women can enjoy their freedom of expression, information and privacy of communication, the same benefits of anonymity and privacy also extend to those who employ ICTs for criminal activities and use the internet to commit violence against women. The use of mobile phones and internet to stalk, abuse, traffic, intimidate and humiliate women is palpable in developing countries including Kenya. The lack of specific cybercrime/cyber security legislation makes it even more difficult to punish those who use ICTs tools to conduct violence against women. Kenya Communications (Amendment) Act 2009 focused on the cybercrime against property and not the person. Kenya is not alone but that is not a consolation. With increased use of internet in Kenya with the onset of broadband, it is necessary to create the necessary policy / regulatory and the operational framework to reign in the vice. KICTANET has launched a study on the vice whose research questions are: 1. What is the prevalence of cybercrime against women in terms of degree, level, quantity, and distribution? 2. How does cyber crime affect women differently? (Demonstrate spiral effect and determine if women are already intimidated by cyber space e.g. mailing lists, how active do women participate in debates? Is the design of the cyber already woman unfriendly?) 3. What are the current measures and gaps (technological, legal, social, and psychological) to address cyber crime against women (local, regional, and global)? Map the efforts (lessons of best practice). 4. What mechanisms are appropriate for addressing cyber crime against women? Programme Venue: University of Nairobi, Chiromo Campus Arziki restaurant Date: May 18th, 2010 1200-1215: Registration 1215-1230 Welcome and introductions Lunch served 1230- 1400: presentation of real life cyber crime case Short presentation on cyber crime Discussions 1400 - 1410 Way forward ___ _______________________________________________ kictanet mailing list kictanet(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet This message was sent to: emailsignet(a)mailcan.com Unsubscribe or change your options at http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman /options/kictanet/emailsignet%40mailcan.com -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: <http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/pipermail/kictanet/attachments/20100514/85a7cb4…> ------------------------------ _______________________________________________ kictanet mailing list kictanet(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet End of kictanet Digest, Vol 36, Issue 46 ****************************************

1 0

Fwd: The African Century - Africa leads the way in mobile money
by Matunda Nyanchama 13 May '10

13 May '10

FYI The African Century - Africa leads the way in mobile money ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Matunda Nyanchama, mnyanchama(a)aganoconsulting.com Agano Consulting Inc.; www.aganoconsulting.com ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- “If you have an apple and I have an apple and we exchange these apples then you and I will still each have one apple. But if you have an idea and I have an idea and we exchange these ideas, then each of us will have two ideas.”- George Bernard Shaw ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- This e-mail, including attachments, may be privileged and may contain confidential or proprietary information intended only for the addressee(s). Any other distribution, copying, use, or disclosure is unauthorized and strictly prohibited. If you have received this message in error, please notify the sender immediately by reply e-mail and permanently delete the message, including any attachments, without making a copy. Thank you.

1 0

Opportunity for a young person
by Al Kags 13 May '10

13 May '10

Please spread the word...

1 0

Reminder: AfriNIC leadership roles to be filled soon
by McTim 12 May '10

12 May '10

[** Apologies for the many duplicate mails due to cross-posting **] Dear Colleagues, As a volunteer on the AfriNIC Election Committee, I would like to remind you that the AfriNIC community will be choosing new AfriNIC Board Members and new members of the Policy Development Process- Moderators Group soon. If you think you would be a good candidate (or know someone who you think would be excellent) for either of these leadership roles, you only have a few days left to complete the nominations. For AfriNIC Board seats, please see: http://www.afrinic.net/news/bod_nom_call2010.htm For the PDP-MG, the information is here: http://www.afrinic.net/news/pdpmg_nom_call2010.htm Both of these roles offer the opportunity to support AfriNICs open, transparent and bottom-up policy development processes. We look forward to the elections in Kigali at AfriNIC-12 http://meeting.afrinic.net/afrinic-12/. -- Cheers, McTim "A name indicates what we seek. An address indicates where it is. A route indicates how we get there." Jon Postel

1 0

Article on Kenya ICT Policy-publication version FOR YOU!
by warigia bowman 12 May '10

12 May '10

Dear colleagues Here is the article on Kenya's ICT policy which is going to press today. The correct citation is Bowman, Warigia, "Governance, Technology and the Search for Modernity in Kenya," *William and Mary Policy Review* 1 (April 2010): 87-116. Please CITE the article if you use it, or dispute it, or think about it in your work. i tried to cite every article by everyone that was published in idrcs books on this, READ THE ENDNOTES to find your name. *HIGHLIGHTS: footnote 4 *i say thank you to everyone i can fit. p. 110- long discussion of kictanet and KIF. p. 97, rege and ndemo and okech are great, p. 100 waema and getao, p. 102, the BEST PART mucheru fights back against tuju, 103, *alice becomes CCK commissioner. * * * i hope you like it, and if you have corrections or complaints, you can send them to me offline as i prepare my book manuscript. Yours with DEEP gratitude to KIF and kictanet, Warigia -- Dr. Warigia Bowman Assistant Professor The Department of Public Policy Leadership The University of Mississippi 107 Odom Hall University, MS 38677 URL: http://www.olemiss.edu/depts/leadership/index.html PHONE: 662-915-1904 EMAIL: mwbowman(a)olemiss.edu

2 1

Re: [kictanet] [picta-kenya] Fwd: Techmtaa: Latest News Updates - including "We are Simply Being Punished For Being Successful, Michael Joseph"
by Shem Ochuodho 12 May '10

12 May '10

Ndugu Robert, Thanks sharing. A good piece (interview) by any measure! For sure Safaricom in its ‘short’ lifespan has done great work; but at whose expense? The prices for communication services (especially Internet) remain arbitrarily high, even with the arrival of the much touted undersea cables. The Hon. Minister's press release today is quite timely; it helps calm the waters. But the fundamental problem remains. Some tough (but non-harmful) decisions must be made. The prices remain beyond the reach of the majority. Perhaps consumer protection should have been included with the Bill of Rights in the new Katiba! That way we would have said: "we can see light at the end of the tunnel". For now, the tough decisions and the fight are deferred; to another day. Rgrds, Shem NEW KATIBA, NEW VISION, NEW LEADERSHIP ________________________________ From: Robert Alai <alai.robert(a)gmail.com> To: ">" <mlalahoi(a)googlegroups.com>; bidiiafricaint <bidiiafricaINT(a)googlegroups.com>; digafrica(a)yahoogroups.com; picta-kenya(a)yahoogroups.com Sent: Wed, 12 May, 2010 10:00:00 Subject: [picta-kenya] Fwd: Techmtaa: Latest News Updates - including "We are Simply Being Punished For Being Successful, Michael Joseph" ---------- Forwarded message ---------- From: Tech Mtaa <samsonalai(a)gmail.com> Date: Wed, 12 May 2010 06:14:00 +0000 Subject: Techmtaa: Latest News Updates - including "We are Simply Being Punished For Being Successful, Michael Joseph" To: alai.robert(a)gmail.com Tech Mtaa /////////////////////////////////////////// We are Simply Being Punished For Being Successful, Michael Joseph Posted: 11 May 2010 12:56 PM PDT http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechMtaa/~3/XjIHgjTUFAY/?utm_source=feedburn… Nairobi Star Business reporter James Mbugua of Nairobi Tech spoke to Safaricom CEO Michael Joseph to get to the bottom of the trouble Kenya’s leading... Visit http://techmtaa.com/ for more -- You are subscribed to email updates from "Tech Mtaa." To stop receiving these emails, you may unsubscribe now: http://feedburner.google.com/fb/a/mailunsubscribe?k=3nxQOR8bQo6nUpM2ZjRGHdK… Email delivery powered by Google. Google Inc., 20 West Kinzie, Chicago IL USA 60610 -- Sent from my mobile device ------------------------------------ Yahoo! Groups Links <*> To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/picta-kenya/ <*> Your email settings: Individual Email | Traditional <*> To change settings online go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/picta-kenya/join (Yahoo! ID required) <*> To change settings via email: picta-kenya-digest(a)yahoogroups.com picta-kenya-fullfeatured(a)yahoogroups.com <*> To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: picta-kenya-unsubscribe(a)yahoogroups.com <*> Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/

1 0

Re: [kictanet] THE KENYA COMMUNICATIONS (RADIO COMMUNICATIONS AND FREQUENCY SPECTRUM) REGULATIONS, 2009
by bitange＠jambo.co.ke 12 May '10

12 May '10

Muriuki, I shall send them to you. They were gazzeted in December. Ndemo. > Listers > > > > Who would know and confirm if the above regulations were gazetted and > how I can get a pdf copy > > > > Kind regards > > > > Muriuki Mureithi > > > > ---------------------------------- > > Summit Strategies Ltd > > > > > > > > > ---------------------------------------------- > This message has been scanned for viruses and > dangerous content by Jambo MailScanner, and is > believed to be clean. > --------------------------------------------- > "easy access to the world" > > _______________________________________________ > kictanet mailing list > kictanet(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke > http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet > > This message was sent to: bitange(a)jambo.co.ke > Unsubscribe or change your options at > http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/bitange%40jambo.co.ke > ---------------------------------------------- This message has been scanned for viruses and dangerous content by Jambo MailScanner, and is believed to be clean. --------------------------------------------- "easy access to the world"

4 4

A quick one-I need your expert views
by james ratemo 12 May '10

12 May '10

Hi guys, I am seeking your views that shall inform an article to appear on The Standard soon. Do you think Kenya is on the track as regards pushing ICTs to the rural areas? Am thinking of Digital villages and such like projects Is there anything to brag about Kenya's e-government initiatives? Cite examples What became of the Kenya's ICT centres of excellence and the mobile computer labaratories? Are NGOs out there reaping from ICTs? Please cite an example. The governement has been talking a lot about shared services in government through ICT. Are there tangible benefits so far or how far is the process? Are cybercafes safe from technology onslaught? What do people go to do in cybers of late with all the modems and wireless networks all over? Disclaimer: I'll assume any comments I recieve are meant for publication unless otherwise stated. Please indicate your name, preferred title and organisation you represent. Ahsanteni sana. -- James Ratemo ICT reporter, The Standard Newspaper, P.O Box 49990-00100, Nairobi Cell Phone: 0724960649 OR 0733876343 Other Emaili-jratemo(a)standardmedia.co.ke or jamrats2001(a)yahoo.com Website:www.ictcradle.com. Twitter accounts: Kenyacurrent and jratemo Skype account:ratemoj Who is rich? He that is content. Who is that? No one.

2 1