February 2010 - KICTANet

lessons, snippets, from the visit by the Singaporeans
by Paul Kukubo 10 Feb '10

10 Feb '10

Dear listers lessons, snippets, from the visit by the Singaporeans<http://www.paulkukubo.com/?p=179> On behalf of the Kenya ICT Board I would like to thank those invited guests who made it to the Breakfast Presentation by the Singapore IDA International team. I have captured what I consider the gist of that presentation on my blog http://www.paulkukubo.com (which also updates my Facebook notes page). The actual presentation will only be up on the ICT Board website Friday morning once the Singapore team has made additions to it when the get back home. Otherwise visit, www.ida.gov.sg. Singapore provides an interesting benchmark for all nations when it comes to technology for better citizens services by government. Key to note is the 'whole-of-government' approach, 'many agencies, one government' strategy with an emphasis on delighting the customer (citizen, resident). For example it takes 2 hours to register a company and start trading with a single license. Government spending has also helped develop the industry cluster of high end technology service firms comprising big name multinationals, local firms and combinations of both. Thank you Paul Kukubo Chief Executive Officer, Kenya ICT Board PO Box 27150 - 00100 Nairobi, Kenya 12th Floor, Teleposta Towers Koinange Street Tel +254 20 2089061, +254 20 2211960 Fax: +254 20 2211962 Cell: + 254 735 180001 website: www.ict.go.ke skype: kukubopaul googletalk: pkukubo ____________________ Vision: Kenya becomes a top ten global ICT hub Mission: To champion and actively enable Kenya to adopt and exploit ICT, through promotion of partnerships, investments and infrastructure growth for socio economic enrichment Sent from Nairobi, Kenya

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Jonathan B. Postel Technical Academy Created to Extend Internet Technical Skills in Kenya
by McTim 10 Feb '10

10 Feb '10

http://isoc.org/wp/newsletter/?p=1580 -- Cheers, McTim "A name indicates what we seek. An address indicates where it is. A route indicates how we get there." Jon Postel

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Advanced Recovery and Continuity Appliances
by Tuma Barua 10 Feb '10

10 Feb '10

Jambo! We (ICT people) are usually faced with server backup and restoration problems. I would like to share with you a "wonder drug" for disaster recovery and business continuity problems. This appliance can backup and restore an entire Windows (Server Farm), exchange mailboxes and other applications at bare-machine level. Restoration is in less than 15 minutes? Yes, including OS and the applications recovery. No need to re-install OS and re-configure it again. This solution has been and is being used across the world. Contact me directly, on email, if you need the vendor to call you and have a *live demo *before* *you can make a decision to buy. An online demo is also a possibility. Regards, T. Barua.

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initiatives related to ICT & environmental sustainability
by Alan Finlay 10 Feb '10

10 Feb '10

Dear colleagues The Association for Progressive Communications (APC) is developing an action research network focused on ICTs & Environmental Sustainability. The initiative builds on work in this area undertaken by APC and its member organizations in the last few years. An important part of building the Action research network is to build stronger relationships with others who are active in the field, to exchange information and build collective knowledge and work towards common actions. To this end, we would be interested to learn about work your organisation is doing in this area. We are particularly interested in initiatives in the following areas, in the context of ICTs & Environmental Sustainability: - policy advocacy - environmentally-sustainable computing practices - use of ICTs for awareness raising and education about ICTS and environmental sustainability - use of ICTs in climate change (CCH) mitigation - e-waste disposal and CCH The outcomes of our research and activities will be made available to all who are interested. If your initiatives cover other areas where ICTs play an important role in environmental sustainability and climate change (or dealing with it), do let us know as well. Please send your feedback directly to karel(a)apc.org so we don't overload this list. Thank you to those of you who have already sent us feedback about your initiatives in the field, there is no need to resend it. * More about APC's research network ----------------------------------- The action research network will generate the research needed to create some basic tools and resources that have the potential to launch a campaign that can transform the ICT for development community into leaders of an emerging movement of environmentally conscious ICT use. APC will approach this work by addressing two exploratory research questions: How can national ICT policy environments in developing countries effectively address sustainability and climate change concerns? How can ICTs be used more sustainability by ICTD (ICT for development) practitioners and civil society organisations? We aim to achieve the above objectives by implementing four inter-related activities: - Mapping national policy environments: country baseline studies - Research into sustainable ICT tools and practices - Developing practical guidelines and check lists - Building research capacity and begin to establish a research network. Looking forward to hear about your work Best regards Karel Novotny Knowledge Sharing Projects Coordinator APC -- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Karel Novotny working from Montevideo, Uruguay Knowledge Sharing Projects Coordinator Strategic Technologies & Network Development Programme APC - The Association for Progressive Communications http://www.apc.org GSM: +598 983 010 99 (GMT -2) sip:karelnovotny@ekiga.net ---------------------------------------------------- Online Monday - Thursday/en línea lunes - jueves ----------------------------------------------------

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Re: [kictanet] Vandalism menace
by emmanuel.khisa＠kadet.co.ke 10 Feb '10

10 Feb '10

On the creation of awareness on the fibre infrastructure, isn't it time some slotted this into the science education syllabus so that right from primary the children know what fibre optic is just as we did copper wires. This will achieve two things, bring up an informed generation next. Secondly bringing on board the TEACHER who is a great change agent in the village and in most communities into this war against ignorance. KIE could tell us how feasible this is. 1 pence! EK Sent from my BlackBerry® -----Original Message----- From: "Kai Wulff" <kai.wulff(a)kdn.co.ke> Date: Tue, 9 Feb 2010 18:01:36 To: <emmanuel.khisa(a)kadet.co.ke> Cc: 'KICTAnet ICT Policy Discussions'<kictanet(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke> Subject: Re: [kictanet] Vandalism menace _______________________________________________ kictanet mailing list kictanet(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet This message was sent to: emmanuel.khisa(a)kadet.co.ke Unsubscribe or change your options at http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/emmanuel.khisa%40kadet…

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Another wasted bumper harvest
by robert yawe 09 Feb '10

09 Feb '10

Hi, Yet again we suffer from a lack of information, farmers are pouring milk because the dairies cannot handle the increased volume and on another front maize is rotting in the shambas because NCPB do not have money to buy the maize due to an unexpected bumper harvest. I could understand the increased milk production as it could have been sudden but how is it that we did not realise, in good time, that there will be a bumper maize harvest. Well, application developers can we get out an application that can help the government and millers be better prepared for a good or bad harvest or are we waiting for 3G connectivity or a 3rd fibre optic cable to land before we can role out such a product. Even Joseph had a prediction system that saved Egypt from extinction yet he did not have a high speed Internet link nor a 3G mobile phone and definitely not an IPAD. Lets apply ourselves to solving this basic issues instead of lamenting about a lack of 3G infrastructure, this is a challenge to the strathmore, IFC and other incubeter initiatives as well. Have a good day Regards Robert Yawe KAY System Technologies Ltd Phoenix House, 6th Floor P O Box 55806 Nairobi, 00200 Kenya Tel: +254722511225, +254202010696

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Re: [kictanet] Another wasted bumper harvest
by Pius Walela 09 Feb '10

09 Feb '10

I believe that self- criticism is symptomatic of defeatism, however that which is done in moderation is healthy. In due regard I would urge my colleagues to make do with that which is available to the maximum. Optimal resource utilization would go a long way in rooting out existent problems e.g. improved revenue collection by the city council of Nairobi. More over I would reiterate by borrowing a leaf from a former US statesman who ranted , “do not ask what your country can do for you rather ,what you can do for it” end quote. The Tigers(Malaysia etc) made progress by developing customized local solutions adaptable to their contexts. Thus this case studies serve as a motivation that not all is impossible. Last but not least not all is lost as Obama deftly put it , “YES YOU CAN.”These produce could be sold in the wider COMESA market , all you need to do is provide effective structures and let the laws of demand and supply manifest. Regards Pius W Walela Research Programmes Administrator Faculty of Information Technology Strathmore University Tel : +254 -020- 606155 Ext 2320 Web : www.strathmore.edu/fit Email : pwalela(a)strathmore.edu ________________________________ Strathmore University provides all-round education in an atmosphere of freedom and responsibility. This email and any files transmitted with it are intended solely for use by the recipient(s) to whom it is addressed and may contain confidential information. If you have received this email in error please notify the sender immediately and permanently delete this email and/or any files attached to it from your computer. Please note that any views or opinions presented in this email are solely those of the author and do not necessarily represent those of Strathmore University. The University accepts no liability whatsoever for any loss or damages incurred, or suffered, resulting, or arising, from the use of this email and/or its attachments. The University warrants neither the integrity of the e-mail nor its freedom from errors, viruses, interception or any other form of interference. …………………………………………………………………. Website: www.strathmore.edu

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Reverse engineering - or patent infringement?
by S.Murigi Muraya 09 Feb '10

09 Feb '10

Results include your SearchWiki notes for *Cisco sues Huawei*. Share these notes Copy and paste this link into an *email* or *IM*: See a preview of the shared page<http://www.google.co.ke/search?q=Cisco+sues+Huawei&pov=11237935410132872717…> 1. *Cisco* drops *Huawei* lawsuit • The Register<http://www.google.co.ke/url?sa=t&source=web&ct=res&cd=1&ved=0CAgQFjAA&url=h…> 29 Jul 2004 *...* The settlement comes 20 months after *Cisco sued Huawei * for allegedly using stolen Cisco's technology to develop a line-up of routers and *...* www.theregister.co.uk/2004/07/29/*cisco*_*huawei*_case_ends/ ---------- Forwarded message ---------- From: S.Murigi Muraya <murigi.muraya(a)gmail.com> Date: Tue, Feb 9, 2010 at 11:42 AM Subject: Re: [kictanet] Reverse engineering - or patent infringement? To: Brian Longwe <blongwe(a)gmail.com> Well Cisco had sued them for .... On Tue, Feb 9, 2010 at 10:49 AM, Brian Longwe <blongwe(a)gmail.com> wrote: > Murigi, > > Actually, if you look at all of Huawei and ZTEs CDMA products, they > purchase/license the core chip from Qualcomm, who have the patent for the > technology. In fact, they ate Qualcomms biggest partner. > > Brian > > Sent from my iPhone > > On Feb 9, 2010, at 10:37 AM, S.Murigi Muraya <murigi.muraya(a)gmail.com> > wrote: > > All well & good. If the Chinese listened to these kinds of (valid) points > there would be no Huawei or ZTE in existence. Knowledge first (primary) & > legalities (later but) not to be ignored. > > No nation has developed by impressing foreigners but primarily by being > civilized (not harming anyone including foreigners), believing in its own > people & by promoting learning with its boundaries. > > SMM > > ------------------------------ > From: Andrea Bohnstedt <andrea.bohnstedt(a)ratio-magazine.com> > Sent: Tuesday, February 09, 2010 09:47 > To: murigi.muraya(a)gmail.com > Cc: KICTAnet ICT Policy Discussions <kictanet(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke> > Subject: Re: [kictanet] Reverse engineering - or patent infringement? > > Good morning all, > > I didn't refer to Prof. Kamau, I referred to the statement of Dr Ndemo, > which he kindly qualified. I am aware of the debate of generic drugs and the > arguments made that the public good should override patent rights. But this > is, as I'm sure everyone is also aware of, a complex topic, with an equally > complex international legal framework, and as much as it's easy to hate big > pharma, I think some recognition needs to be given to companies that invest > heavily in R&D. > > In the Kenyan debate specifically, I would find it counterproductive if > senior government officials openly call for patent right infringements (and > again, Dr Ndemo did qualify his statement). Apart from the fact that I'd > rather like to see innovation encouraged, it does nothing for Kenya's image > towards international ICT and tech investors or people looking to outsource > processes. Copy right and patent infringement and intellectual property > right theft was and is a big concern in China, and Kenya has none of the > advantages that China offers to offset these: very low-cost manufacturing > environment and a huge domestic market. It's a bit of a contradiction to > call for e.g. certifications etc to build international credibility, and > then offset it with a signal like this. > > On the IPad specificially: I doubt that Kenyan companies, even if they > managed to copy the IPad, would be able to build it at a lower cost, and the > way the education sector is run now, they'd be stolen just as quickly as any > book - probably faster. I went to the Intel Classmate launch a couple of > years ago and they made a useful point that just handing out kiddie laptops > is not the solution: You need the whole ecosystem to make them productive. > Electricity, connectivity, a place to lock them up, and importantly a > teaching plan that they are integrated into. > > Have a lovely day, > Andrea > > On 9 February 2010 09:07, Walubengo J < <jwalu(a)yahoo.com>jwalu(a)yahoo.com>wrote: > >> @Andrea, >> >> Reverse engineering - or patent infringement? >> >> If I was Prof. Kamau, I would carefully ride on both - depending on the >> convenience of the laws applicable and the demand for public good. Draw the >> parallel with generic HIV medicines... >> >> walu. >> >> --- On *Tue, 2/9/10, Andrea Bohnstedt <<andrea.bohnstedt(a)ratio-magazine.com> >> andrea.bohnstedt(a)ratio-magazine.com>* wrote: >> >> >> From: Andrea Bohnstedt < <andrea.bohnstedt(a)ratio-magazine.com> >> andrea.bohnstedt(a)ratio-magazine.com> >> Subject: Re: [kictanet] Getting a hold on cybercrime against women (cyber >> pests!) >> To: <jwalu(a)yahoo.com>jwalu(a)yahoo.com >> Cc: "KICTAnet ICT Policy Discussions" < <kictanet(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke> >> kictanet(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke> >> Date: Tuesday, February 9, 2010, 12:40 AM >> >> Reverse engineering - or patent infringement? >> >> On 8 February 2010 21:01, < <http://mc/compose?to=bitange@jambo.co.ke> >> bitange(a)jambo.co.ke> wrote: >> >>> Dear listers, >>> Prof. Kamau, University of Nairobi's engineering school has successifully >>> reverse engineered the converter box for digital TV. Those willing to visit >>> the fab lab next week should register with Awiti in my office. His e-mail >>> is <http://mc/compose?to=nawiti@information.go.ke> >>> nawiti(a)information.go.ke. >>> >>> I am hoping soon we can reverse engineer the ipad so that we can use it >>> to distribute e-books to all kids in the country and avoid this theft of >>> textbooks. >>> >>> Regards. >>> >>> Ndemo. >>> Sent from my BlackBerry® >>> >>> -----Original Message----- >>> From: "muriuki mureithi" <<http://mc/compose?to=mureithi@summitstrategies.co.ke> >>> mureithi(a)summitstrategies.co.ke> >>> Date: Wed, 3 Feb 2010 18:14:20 >>> To: < <http://mc/compose?to=bitange@jambo.co.ke>bitange(a)jambo.co.ke> >>> Cc: KICTAnet ICT Policy Discussions<<http://mc/compose?to=kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke> >>> kictanet(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke> >>> Subject: [kictanet] Getting a hold on cybercrime against women (cyber >>> pests!) >>> >>> _______________________________________________ >>> kictanet mailing list >>> <http://mc/compose?to=kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke> >>> kictanet(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke >>> <http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet> >>> http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet >>> >>> This message was sent to: <http://mc/compose?to=bitange@jambo.co.ke> >>> bitange(a)jambo.co.ke >>> Unsubscribe or change your options at >>> <http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/bitange%40jambo.co.ke> >>> http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/bitange%40jambo.co.ke >>> >>> _______________________________________________ >>> kictanet mailing list >>> <http://mc/compose?to=kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke> >>> kictanet(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke >>> <http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet> >>> http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet >>> >>> This message was sent to: >>> <http://mc/compose?to=andrea.bohnstedt@ratio-magazine.com> >>> andrea.bohnstedt(a)ratio-magazine.com >>> Unsubscribe or change your options at >>> <http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/andrea.bohnstedt%40rat…> >>> http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/andrea.bohnstedt%40rat… >>> >> >> >> >> >> >> -----Inline Attachment Follows----- >> >> _______________________________________________ >> kictanet mailing list >> <http://mc/compose?to=kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke> >> kictanet(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke >> <http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet> >> http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet >> >> This message was sent to: <http://mc/compose?to=jwalu@yahoo.com> >> jwalu(a)yahoo.com >> Unsubscribe or change your options at >> <http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/jwalu%40yahoo.com> >> http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/jwalu%40yahoo.com >> >> >> > > > -- > Andrea Bohnstedt > Publisher > +254 720 960 322 > <http://www.ratio-magazine.com>www.ratio-magazine.com > > _______________________________________________ > kictanet mailing list > kictanet(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke > http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet > > This message was sent to: <blongwe(a)gmail.com>blongwe(a)gmail.com > Unsubscribe or change your options at > <http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/blongwe%40gmail.com> > http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/blongwe%40gmail.com > >

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Fwd: Skunkworks Meeting Reminder, Nokia Research, Networked Systems, Today, 9th February 2010
by Phares Kariuki 09 Feb '10

09 Feb '10

---------- Forwarded message ---------- From: Phares Kariuki <pkariuki(a)gmail.com> Date: Tue, Feb 9, 2010 at 11:05 AM Subject: Skunkworks Meeting Reminder, Nokia Research, Networked Systems, Today, 9th February 2010 To: Skunkworks forum <skunkworks(a)lists.my.co.ke> Hi, There will be a Skunkworks meeting today at Teleposta Towers, from 6.00 pm. The panel will be comprised of the following: *Jonathan Ledlie* is a Senior Researcher in Networked Systems at Nokia. His interests include experimental large-scale distributed and mobile systems and ICTD. He has a PhD in Computer Science from Harvard University and is currently based at the Cambridge (US) Nokia Research Center. *Jay Chen* is a fourth year Systems and Networking Computer Science PhD candidate at New York University. His research areas include AI, with a focus on Natural Language Processing, and ICTD. *Brian Omwenga* is a Research Engineer currently working at Nokia Research currently based in Nairobi. His interests include Large Scale Open Systems analysis and design, strategy and ICTD. He is a science master in Technology and Policy from the Engineering Systems at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. *Billy Odero* is a Research Engineer at Nokia Research Currently based in Nairobi working on the development of mobile systems for emerging markets. *The projects*: [1] Tangaza - An audio based social networking service on mobile phones [2] NokiaSMSFind - An intelligent sms based search service -- With Regards, Phares Kariuki | T: +254 734 810 802 | E: pkariuki(a)gmail.com | Twitter: kaboro | Skype: kariukiphares | -- With Regards, Phares Kariuki | T: +254 734 810 802 | E: pkariuki(a)gmail.com | Twitter: kaboro | Skype: kariukiphares |

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Re: [kictanet] Reverse engineering - or patent infringement?
by S.Murigi Muraya 09 Feb '10

09 Feb '10

All well & good. If the Chinese listened to these kinds of (valid) points there would be no Huawei or ZTE in existence. Knowledge first (primary) & legalities (later but) not to be ignored. No nation has developed by impressing foreigners but primarily by being civilized (not harming anyone including foreigners), believing in its own people & by promoting learning with its boundaries. SMM -----Original Message----- From: Andrea Bohnstedt <andrea.bohnstedt(a)ratio-magazine.com> Sent: Tuesday, February 09, 2010 09:47 To: murigi.muraya(a)gmail.com Cc: KICTAnet ICT Policy Discussions <kictanet(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke> Subject: Re: [kictanet] Reverse engineering - or patent infringement? Good morning all, I didn't refer to Prof. Kamau, I referred to the statement of Dr Ndemo, which he kindly qualified. I am aware of the debate of generic drugs and the arguments made that the public good should override patent rights. But this is, as I'm sure everyone is also aware of, a complex topic, with an equally complex international legal framework, and as much as it's easy to hate big pharma, I think some recognition needs to be given to companies that invest heavily in R&D. In the Kenyan debate specifically, I would find it counterproductive if senior government officials openly call for patent right infringements (and again, Dr Ndemo did qualify his statement). Apart from the fact that I'd rather like to see innovation encouraged, it does nothing for Kenya's image towards international ICT and tech investors or people looking to outsource processes. Copy right and patent infringement and intellectual property right theft was and is a big concern in China, and Kenya has none of the advantages that China offers to offset these: very low-cost manufacturing environment and a huge domestic market. It's a bit of a contradiction to call for e.g. certifications etc to build international credibility, and then offset it with a signal like this. On the IPad specificially: I doubt that Kenyan companies, even if they managed to copy the IPad, would be able to build it at a lower cost, and the way the education sector is run now, they'd be stolen just as quickly as any book - probably faster. I went to the Intel Classmate launch a couple of years ago and they made a useful point that just handing out kiddie laptops is not the solution: You need the whole ecosystem to make them productive. Electricity, connectivity, a place to lock them up, and importantly a teaching plan that they are integrated into. Have a lovely day, Andrea On 9 February 2010 09:07, Walubengo J <jwalu(a)yahoo.com> wrote: @Andrea, Reverse engineering - or patent infringement? If I was Prof. Kamau, I would carefully ride on both - depending on the convenience of the laws applicable and the demand for public good. Draw the parallel with generic HIV medicines... walu. --- On Tue, 2/9/10, Andrea Bohnstedt <andrea.bohnstedt(a)ratio-magazine.com> wrote: From: Andrea Bohnstedt <andrea.bohnstedt(a)ratio-magazine.com> Subject: Re: [kictanet] Getting a hold on cybercrime against women (cyber pests!) To: jwalu(a)yahoo.com Cc: "KICTAnet ICT Policy Discussions" <kictanet(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke> Date: Tuesday, February 9, 2010, 12:40 AM Reverse engineering - or patent infringement? On 8 February 2010 21:01, <bitange(a)jambo.co.ke> wrote: Dear listers, Prof. Kamau, University of Nairobi's engineering school has successifully reverse engineered the converter box for digital TV. Those willing to visit the fab lab next week should register with Awiti in my office. His e-mail is nawiti(a)information.go.ke. I am hoping soon we can reverse engineer the ipad so that we can use it to distribute e-books to all kids in the country and avoid this theft of textbooks. Regards. Ndemo. Sent from my BlackBerry® -----Original Message----- From: "muriuki mureithi" <mureithi(a)summitstrategies.co.ke> Date: Wed, 3 Feb 2010 18:14:20 To: <bitange(a)jambo.co.ke> Cc: KICTAnet ICT Policy Discussions<kictanet(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke> Subject: [kictanet] Getting a hold on cybercrime against women (cyber pests!) _______________________________________________ kictanet mailing list kictanet(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet This message was sent to: bitange(a)jambo.co.ke Unsubscribe or change your options at http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/bitange%40jambo.co.ke _______________________________________________ kictanet mailing list kictanet(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet This message was sent to: andrea.bohnstedt(a)ratio-magazine.com Unsubscribe or change your options at http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/andrea.bohnstedt%40rat… -----Inline Attachment Follows----- _______________________________________________ kictanet mailing list kictanet(a)lists.kictanet.or.ke http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet This message was sent to: jwalu(a)yahoo.com Unsubscribe or change your options at http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/jwalu%40yahoo.com -- Andrea Bohnstedt Publisher +254 720 960 322 www.ratio-magazine.com

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